Measurement of density distribution of a cracking catalyst in experimental riser with a sampling procedure for gamma ray tomography

Non-destructive evaluation of weld discontinuity in steel tubes by gamma ray CT

“…5 was analyzed by means of correlation, as expressed in Eqs. (4) and (5). The data matrix evaluation results from all of the samples proved to be consistent and consequently, the data matrix that stored more information the D(13, 31) size was adopted.…”

“…A computerized gamma ray scan could be an adequate system to generate data for a weld discontinuity investigation [5]. In the current data processing environment, instrumental installations that are used to induce interaction and measure photon signals [6,7], should combine computational algorithms and multivariate statistical models [8] to obtain effective results.…”

Data Evaluation and Visibility in Single Beam Scanner of Gamma Ray Tomography

“…Contrary to medical X-Ray CT a universal method, in Gamma Ray CT each group construct herself scanner to investigate the Industrial process and, define specific parameters methodology. The tomography parameters resolutions of density, spatial and temporal, were carried out for the scanner hardware used in this work and methodology is described in [6]. Linearity is an additional parameter which is re-quired as one fundamental Equation 3computes a liner function.…”

Uncertainty evaluation by gamma transmission measurements and CFD model comparison in a FCC cold pilot unit

“…The error contribution of a measurement system is given in [8], while the geometric factor is considered in [9]. The tube wall effect was evaluated by means of a mathematical model developed to simulate attenuation and estimate errors [10]. Aiming at industrial process tomography, reconstruction algorithms with reduced number of data were studied [11].…”

“…Correlation in radioactive measurements is considered in the literature [17], therefore, the use of equation (11), that takes into account the correlation between two variables, as input values to be included in equation (10). The correlation coefficient r(x i , x j ) gives values around 0.1, for the measured intensities I V and I F .…”