Measurement of Diffusion of Radionuclides in Sediment Rocks

Meier, H.; Zimmerhackl, E.; Hecker, W.; Zeitler, G.; für, P. Staatliches Forschungsinstitut

doi:10.1524/ract.1988.4445.2.239

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These relationships can be represented mathematically by eq. [5], and are found to be similar to the trends reported in the literature (Meier et al 1988;Tsai et al 2001). …”

Section: ½2supporting

confidence: 85%

Determination of distribution coefficient of geomaterials and immobilizing agents

et al. 2010

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The fate and transport of reactive contaminant(s) in geomaterials (i.e., soils and rocks) and efficacy of the immobilization-remediation methodology of the contaminated geomaterials is governed mainly by the sorption and desorption characteristics of these geomaterials and immobilizing agents. As such, establishment of these characteristics becomes mandatory. To achieve this, batch tests are usually conducted and a distribution coefficient is obtained from Freundlich, linear, and Langmuir isotherms. However, the relative efficiency of these isotherms needs to be ascertained for selection of the appropriate distribution coefficient for a contaminant geomaterial -immobilizing agent system. With this in mind, conventional batch tests were conducted on various geomaterials and immobilizing agents, to establish their sorption and desorption characteristics. However, it should be noted that batch tests do not represent the real-life contaminant geomaterial -immobilizing agent interaction, and are quite cumbersome and time-consuming. Under these circumstances, correlating sorption and desorption characteristics of these materials with the electrical conductivity of their solutions seems to be a potential alternative. Utility of this concept for modeling real-life contaminant geomaterial -immobilizing agent interaction has also been demonstrated very well in this study. Résumé: Les caractéristiques de sorption et de désorption des géomatériaux (sols et roches) et des agents immobilisants gèrent la destinée et le transport de contaminant(s) réactif(s) dans les géomatériaux, ainsi que l'efficacité des méthodes d'immobilisation et de réhabilitation des géomatériaux contaminés. Pour cette raison, il est nécessaire d'établir les caracté-ristiques de sorption et de désorption de ces matériaux. Généralement, des essais par lots sont effectués et les coefficients de distribution sont obtenus à partir des isothermes de Freudlinch, linéaires et de Langmuir. Cependant, l'efficacité relative de ces isothermes doit être évaluée afin de bien sélectionner le coefficient de distribution pour un système contaminant géomatériau -agent immobilisant. Pour ce faire, des essais par lots conventionnels ont été réalisés sur différents géomaté-riaux et agents immobilisants dans le but d'établir leurs caractéristiques de sorption et de désorption. Par contre, les essais par lots ne représentent pas l'interaction ré[]elle entre le contaminant, le géomatériau et l'agent immobilisant et sont plutôt difficiles et longs. Dans ces circonstances, une méthode alternative possible est de corréler les caractéristiques de sorption et de désorption de ces matériaux avec la conductivité électrique de leurs solutions. L'utilisation de ce concept pour modé-liser des cas réels d'interaction contaminant géomatériau -agent immobilisant a été bien démontrée dans cette étude.

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“…These relationships can be represented mathematically by eq. [5], and are found to be similar to the trends reported in the literature (Meier et al 1988;Tsai et al 2001). …”

Section: ½2supporting

confidence: 85%

Determination of distribution coefficient of geomaterials and immobilizing agents

et al. 2010

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“…Methods frequently used for these measurements are, on the one, batch technique [1 -3] and, on the other, flow techniques such as the column method and the diffusion method [4], These tests give an information about distribution constants (K d values) which must be known for calculating hydrologic transport properties of nuclides in aquatic environments. Moreover, physical and chemical factors concerning the state of nuclides, mechanisms of sorption process and sorption kinetics can be derived by studying the influence of pH, ionic strength, concentration, temperature, contact time, etc., on sorption ratios [1,2,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations of £lectrokinetic Properties of Sorption Data of Radionuclides in Site-Specific Samples

Meier¹,

Zimmerhackl²,

Zeitler³

et al. 1991

Radiochimica Acta

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In this paper results of zeta-potential measurements by electroosmosis with site-specific waters and sedimentary rocks from strata overlying the Gorleben salt dome are presented. Moreover, sorption data of radionuclides ( 233 U, 226 Ra, 210 Pb and 63 Ni) obtained in batch experiments are compared with the zeta-potential of nuclide/sediment/water systems.The results indicate that zeta-potentials of sediment/groundwater systems are a sensitive indicator of interface reactions depending on the type of the sediment, ionic strength of waters, pH and temperature. Moreover, it is shown that a series of sorption data for the site-specific conditions and, additionally, the influence of various parameters can often be understood by taking into account variable electrostatic forces between charged hydrous surfaces and nuclide species.

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“…Sediment discs of thickness L = 0.5 -1.7 cm and cross sectional area F= 4 cm 2 were prepared under low pressure and confined by PP-filters (pore width 125 μπι, thickness 3.2 mm) as described in [5,6].…”

Section: Diffusion Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diffusion experiments were carried out by the following procedure [5]: (a) Pre-equilibration of the groundwater with the solid followed by filtration through 0.45 μηι millipore filters. …”

Section: Diffusion Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigations of Radionuclide Diffusion in Site-Specific Sediment/Groundwater Systems

Meier¹,

Zimmerhackl²,

Zeitler³

et al. 1992

Radiochimica Acta

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Results gained by diffusion experiments in sediment/ groundwater systems from selected sites around the planned repositories for radioactive wastes in Germany and in mineral landfill liners are given. The tracer nuclides used were U-233, Ra-226, Pb-210, Ni-63 and Cd-109. It is shown that, among other parameters, diffusion coefficients and distribution coefficients could be derived from concentration-time curves. Moreover, experiments confirm that the diffusion behaviour of nuclides such as Pb and Ni can be enhanced enormously in hydrogeological barriers by organic complexants (EDTA) and humic substances.

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Measurement of Diffusion of Radionuclides in Sediment Rocks

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Determination of distribution coefficient of geomaterials and immobilizing agents

Determination of distribution coefficient of geomaterials and immobilizing agents

Correlations of £lectrokinetic Properties of Sorption Data of Radionuclides in Site-Specific Samples

Experimental Investigations of Radionuclide Diffusion in Site-Specific Sediment/Groundwater Systems

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