Measurement of electron density in transient spark discharge by simple interferometry

Lim, Jun Sup; Hong, Young June; Ghimire, Bhagirath; Choi, Jin‐Joo; Mumtaz, Sohail; Choi, Eun Ha

doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103693

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Interestingly, an EF of ~11 kV·cm −1 [ 27 ] was found to be approximately similar to the EFs of a conventional nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet [ 155 , 199 ]. EFs interact with molecular nitrogen and oxygen, converting them into atomic species which are further combined to form NOx that is incorporated into the liquid [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonthermal plasma has a wide range of applications in modern age in several areas [ 11 , 151 , 152 , 153 ]. It comprises multiple energies in the form of electrons, ions, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) [ 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 ], for which cocktails of the latter have been shown to have apoptotic properties in cancer cells [ 140 , 158 ]. As cancer cells maintain different mechanisms to normal cells, it has been reported that ROS uptake by cancer cells induces apoptosis via intrinsic or extrinsic pathways in brain tumors.…”

Section: Biological Effects Of Microwavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave Radiation and the Brain: Mechanisms, Current Status, and Future Prospects

Mumtaz

Rana

Choi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Modern humanity wades daily through various radiations, resulting in frequent exposure and causing potentially important biological effects. Among them, the brain is the organ most sensitive to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) exposure. Despite numerous correlated studies, critical unknowns surround the different parameters used, including operational frequency, power density (i.e., energy dose), and irradiation time that could permit reproducibility and comparability between analyses. Furthermore, the interactions of EMR with biological systems and its precise mechanisms remain poorly characterized. In this review, recent approaches examining the effects of microwave radiations on the brain, specifically learning and memory capabilities, as well as the mechanisms of brain dysfunction with exposure as reported in the literature, are analyzed and interpreted to provide prospective views for future research directed at this important and novel medical technology for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies on brain degeneration caused by microwave radiation. Additionally, the interactions of microwaves with biological systems and possible mechanisms are presented in this review. Treatment with natural products and safe techniques to reduce harm to organs have become essential components of daily life, and some promising techniques to treat cancers and their radioprotective effects are summarized as well. This review can serve as a platform for researchers to understand the mechanism and interactions of microwave radiation with biological systems, the present scenario, and prospects for future studies on the effect of microwaves on the brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biological Effects Of Microwavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Radiation and the Brain: Mechanisms, Current Status, and Future Prospects

Mumtaz

Rana

Choi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…14a and it is found to be 70 mA. The average power dissipation by the plasma discharge (P Dis ) can be calculated using the voltage (v(t)) and the current (i(t)) from the grounded copper tape by using [112] (27) where T is the period of voltage. The dissipated power of both with and without DI water are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Plasma Parameter Characteristics At Plasma-water Interfacial...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma bioscience for medicine, agriculture and hygiene applications

Choi

Kaushik

Hong

et al. 2022

J. Korean Phys. Soc.

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Nonthermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) sources operating in atmospheric pressure environments and their characteristics can be used for plasma bioscience, medicine, and hygiene applications, especially for COVID-19 and citizen. This review surveyed the various NBP sources, including a plasma jet, micro-DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) and nanosecond discharged plasma. The electron temperatures and the plasma densities, which are produced using dielectric barrier discharged electrode systems, can be characterized as 0.7 ~ 1.8 eV and (3-5) × 10 14-15 cm −3 , respectively. Herein, we introduce a general schematic view of the plasma ultraviolet photolysis of water molecules for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation inside biological cells or living tissues, which would be synergistically important with RONS diffusive propagation into cells or tissues. Of the RONS, the hydroxyl radical [OH] and hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 species would mainly result in apoptotic cell death with other RONS in plasma bioscience and medicines. The diseased biological protein, cancer, and mutated cells could be treated by using a NBP or plasma activated water (PAW) resulting in their apoptosis for a new paradigm of plasma medicine.

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“…Light electrons, on the other hand, have much higher temperatures in NTAP than heavy atoms and molecules, which are frequently comparable to room temperature. NTAP is suitable for treating a wide range of biological materials, including solids, liquids, and aerosols, because it is room temperature at the application site [ 124 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 ].…”

Section: Virus Deactivation By Nonthermal Atmospheric Plasma (Ntap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Introduction Of Ntapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Developments in Combating COVID-19 by Vaccines, Inhibitors, Radiations, and Nonthermal Plasma

Han

Mumtaz

Srinivasan

et al. 2022

CIMB

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Global society has been highly pressured by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has exposed vulnerabilities in supply chains for disinfection products, personal protective equipment, and medical resources worldwide. It is critically necessary to find effective treatments and medications for these viral infections. This review summarizes and emphasizes critical features of recent breakthroughs in vaccines, inhibitors, radiations, and innovative nonthermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) technologies to inactivate COVID-19. NTAP has emerged as an effective, efficient, and safe method of viral inactivation. NTAP can be used to inactivate viruses in an environmentally friendly manner, as well as activate animal and plant viruses in a variety of matrices. Researchers and engineers desire to help the medical world deal with the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic by establishing techniques that make use of widely available NTAP technologies. NTAP technology is not dependent on viral strain, and it does not necessitate months or years of research to develop specific vaccines for each novel or arising viral disease. We believe the NTAP is a highly promising technique for combating COVID-19 and other viruses. Thus, NTAP technology could be a significant breakthrough in the near future in assisting humans in combating COVID-19 infections. We hope that this review provides a platform for readers to examine the progress made in the fight against COVID-19 through the use of vaccines, inhibitors, radiation, and NTAP.

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Measurement of electron density in transient spark discharge by simple interferometry

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Microwave Radiation and the Brain: Mechanisms, Current Status, and Future Prospects

Microwave Radiation and the Brain: Mechanisms, Current Status, and Future Prospects

Plasma bioscience for medicine, agriculture and hygiene applications

Review of Developments in Combating COVID-19 by Vaccines, Inhibitors, Radiations, and Nonthermal Plasma

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