Measurement of Human Choroidal Melanoma Xenograft Volume in Rats Using High-Frequency Ultrasound

Braun, Rosemary; Vistisen, Kerry

doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0379

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Various uveal melanoma models have been developed, mainly by inoculation into mice, rats, or rabbits of various established human cell lines obtained from primary or metastatic tumors, such as 92-1, SP-6.5, OCM-1, OCM-2, OCM-3, OCM-8, IPC227, OM431, C918, and M619 cells (15). Various injection modalities have also been used in orthotopic (16)(17)(18) and nonorthotopic situations (19). Similarly, a few genetic engineering models have been obtained by transforming uveal cells with oncogenic viruses (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Characterization of a Panel of Human Uveal Melanoma Xenografts Derived from Primary and/or Metastatic Tumors

Némati

Sastre-Garau

Laurent

et al. 2010

Clinical Cancer Research

140

136

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Purpose: Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults and is defined by a poor natural outcome, as 50% of patients die from metastases. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a panel of human uveal melanoma xenografts transplanted into immunodeficient mice.Experimental Design: Ninety tumor specimens were grafted into severe combined immunodeficient mice, and 25 transplantable xenografts were then established (28%). Relationship between tumor graft and clinical, biological, and therapeutic features of the patients included were investigated. Characterization of 16 xenografts included histology, molecular analyses by immunohistochemistry, genetic alteration analysis (single-nucleotide polymorphism), and specific tumor antigen expression by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Pharmacologic characterization (chemosensitivity) was also done in four models using two drugs, temozolomide and fotemustine, currently used in the clinical management of uveal melanoma.Results: Take rate of human uveal melanoma was 28% (25 of 90). Tumor take was independent of size, histologic parameters, or chromosome 3 monosomy but was significantly higher in metastatic tumors. Interestingly, in vivo tumor growth was prognostic for a lower metastasis-free survival in patients with primary tumors. A high concordance between the patients' tumors and their corresponding xenografts was found for all parameters tested (histology, genetic profile, and tumor antigen expression). Finally, the four xenografts studied displayed different response profiles to chemotherapeutic agents.Conclusions: Based on these results, this panel of 16 uveal melanoma xenografts represents a useful preclinical tool for both pharmacologic and biological assessments. Clin Cancer Res; 16(8); 2352-62. ©2010 AACR.Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults. Despite the increased diagnostic accuracy and the development of conservative and effective treatments on primary tumor sites, such as plaque radiotherapy and photon beam therapy, the mortality remains stable and 50% of patients die from metastases that frequently involve the liver. Chemotherapy, such as oral temozolomide and intra-arterial fotemustine used at the metastatic stage, induces very low response rates, 14.3% and 36%, respectively, and a median survival time of 6.7 and 15 months (1-3). No postoperative adjuvant therapies are currently available to decrease the risk of metastases. Several prognostic factors of disseminated relapse after initial ophthalmologic treatment have been determined, including location with respect to the equator, monosomy 3, and retinal detachment (4). However, no effect of these prognostic markers on patient care can be envisaged in the absence of effective systemic therapies.The growing body of knowledge about molecular and genetics events involved in oncogenesis and tumor progression has led to the identification of new therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents. Preclinical investigatio...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Characterization of a Panel of Human Uveal Melanoma Xenografts Derived from Primary and/or Metastatic Tumors

Némati

Sastre-Garau

Laurent

et al. 2010

Clinical Cancer Research

140

136

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“…Malignant melanoma of the uveal (UM) is the most common primary cancer of the eye in adults, especially for 50-60-year-olds [5]. The incidence of UM in the western world is approximately four to seven cases/ million/year [6]. UM develops in the choroid (80%), ciliary body (15%), and iris (5%) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of tumor growth by β-elemene through downregulation of the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in a murine intraocular melanoma model

Hong

Liu

et al. 2015

Melanoma Research

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This paper explores the underlying mechanism through which β-elemene inhibits the growth of intraocular melanoma in a mouse model. C57BL/6J mice were administered a subretinal injection of B16F10 melanoma cells and divided into two groups: treatment and control. The treatment group was administered β-elemene through an intravitreal injection and the control group was injected with a blank emulsion. After 21 days of continuous treatment, tumor masses were removed and weighed. The mRNA expression levels of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), uPA receptor (uPAR), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 were assayed by real-time PCR, and the protein expression levels of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were assayed by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Tumor size was inhibited by β-elemene in the treatment group, and the expressions of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were all downregulated at both the mRNA and the protein level compared with the control group. In a mouse model of intraocular melanoma, β-elemene inhibits tumor growth by downregulating the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9.

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“…Because of their availability, mice are the species most widely used in modeling intraocular primary malignancies although rats and rabbits have also been used because of the larger size of their eyeballs. 4,5 Nowadays, two different sorts of mouse models are available for retinoblastoma: transgenic mice and xenografts. Transgenic mice bear spontaneous bilateral retinal tumors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for the Most Suitable Orthotopic Retinoblastoma Mouse Model in Order to Characterize the Tumoral Development

Lemaître

Poyer

Marco

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Because retinoblastoma therapies have many adverse effects, new approaches must be developed and evaluated on animal models. We describe orthotopic xenograft models of retinoblastoma using different strains of mice, suitable for this purpose. METHODS.Human retinoblastoma tumors were established on immunodeficient mice by subcutaneous engraftment of tumors from enucleated eyes. The orthotopic model was obtained by subretinal injections of suspension cells into the right eye of immunodeficient (Swiss-nude, severe combined immunodeficiency [SCID]) and immunocompetent mice (C57BL/6N, B6Albino). In vivo tumor growth was monitored by fundus and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging and compared with histology. RESULTS.Retinal and vitreal tumor growth was achieved both in immunocompetent and immunodeficient strains after the subretinal injection of tumor cells. The best tumor engraftment rate was obtained in the SCID mice (68.8%). No tumor growth was observed in the C57BL/6N strain. Chronic retinal detachment may occur in most strains after the subretinal injection, in particular the Swiss-nude strain, which exhibits retinal degeneration.CONCLUSIONS. The setting up of an orthotopic mouse model depends mainly on the choice of the engrafted cells (cell lines or patient-derived xenografts) but it can also depend on the xenografted mouse strain. Severe combined immunodeficiency mice (an immunodeficient strain) achieved the best tumor engraftment rate (68.8%). However, intraocular tumor growth was also satisfactory (50%) in the immunocompetent strain B6Albino, and this strain will allow to exploit the immune response after a tumor treatment. Both of these strains may therefore be recommended when setting up orthotopic retinoblastoma xenografts.

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Measurement of Human Choroidal Melanoma Xenograft Volume in Rats Using High-Frequency Ultrasound

Abstract: HF-US is a safe, practical method to measure tumor volume in the same nude rat over time in this orthotopic xenograft model of human choroidal melanoma.

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Establishment and Characterization of a Panel of Human Uveal Melanoma Xenografts Derived from Primary and/or Metastatic Tumors

Establishment and Characterization of a Panel of Human Uveal Melanoma Xenografts Derived from Primary and/or Metastatic Tumors

Inhibition of tumor growth by β-elemene through downregulation of the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in a murine intraocular melanoma model

Looking for the Most Suitable Orthotopic Retinoblastoma Mouse Model in Order to Characterize the Tumoral Development

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