Measurement of Longitudinal Stress in Railroad Rail Under Field Conditions Using Nonlinear Harmonics

Kwun, H.; Burkhardt, G. L.; Smith, Miriam E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5772-8_243

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Various nondestructive techniques have also been developed, such as ultrasonic method, 11–16 magnetic anisotropy method, 17–19 X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, 20–22 vibration method, 7,23 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) optical strain sensor, 24 laser-speckle, 25 and vision-based technique. 26 The ability of these existing methods to become practical means by which to measure absolute stress nondestructively is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Kim

Yun

2017

Structural Health Monitoring

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A novel noncontact, mobile sensing technique to measure absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy is presented. Photoluminescence piezospectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopy technique for chemical identification and stress measurement by focusing low-power laser on a substance surface. Thermite welding is a major welding method for continuous welded rail, which produces iron (Fe) and aluminum oxides (Al2O3) after aluminothermic reaction. Photoluminescence piezospectroscopy was used as a noncontact stress sensing method since photoluminescence piezospectroscopy has an excellent detectability for alpha-phase aluminum oxide (α-Al2O3). Using a portable photoluminescence piezospectroscopy system, a prominent α-Al2O3 signal was collected from the bare surface of thermite weld samples. A loading frame test was conducted to determine the piezospectroscopic coefficient of α-Al2O3 in thermite weld. A pulverization method is introduced to determine absolute stress from an existing rail sample. The experimental results show many advantages of this method over traditional methods to measure stress in rail as a mobile sensing method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Kim

Yun

2017

Structural Health Monitoring

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Magnetic Methods of Nondestructive Evaluation

Sablik

Augustyniak

1999

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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Birefringence Technique for Evaluating Thermal Stresses in Railroad Rails

Fadhil,

Washer,

Poudel

2024

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This paper discusses the development of an in situ noncontact electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) nondestructive evaluation technology to determine rail neutral temperature and estimate rail stress in continuous welded rail (CWR). Stresses develop in CWR due to a lack of expansion joints to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction of the rail when ambient temperatures vary over time. The novelty of the work presented is the usage of ultrasonic birefringence properties using EMATs to estimate thermally induced stresses in rails. EMATs produce polarized shear waves propagating through the rail web in the pulse-echo mode. Experimental tests were performed on machined 136RE and 141RE rail material with applied compressive and tensile stresses to explore the stress-birefringence behavior. Two additional sets of experimental tests were conducted on full-size rail sections with in situ surface conditions to study variations in the in situ birefringence and the acoustic stress constant in different rail materials including 115RE rail, 119RE rail, two different 136RE rails, and 141RE rail. The results show a highly linear relationship between the stresses applied and the measured acoustic birefringence.

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Measurement of Longitudinal Stress in Railroad Rail Under Field Conditions Using Nonlinear Harmonics

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Noncontact mobile sensing for absolute stress in rail using photoluminescence piezospectroscopy

Magnetic Methods of Nondestructive Evaluation

Birefringence Technique for Evaluating Thermal Stresses in Railroad Rails

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