Measurement of mercury species in human blood using triple spike isotope dilution with SPME-GC-ICP-DRC-MS

Sommer, Yuliya L.; Verdon, Carl P.; Fresquez, Mark R.; Ward, Cynthia D.; Wood, Elliott B.; Pan, Y.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Jones, Robert L.

doi:10.1007/s00216-014-7907-4

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.16 μg/L for THg; 0.12 μg/L for MeHg; 0.16 μg/L for EHg, and 0.27 μg/L for IHg. Additional details including proficiency testing results have been published (Sommer et al, 2014). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and methyl mercury in whole blood measured for the first time in the U.S. population: NHANES 2011–2012

Mortensen

Caudill

Caldwell

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

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Background Despite the public health and toxicologic interest in methyl mercury (MeHg) and ethyl mercury (EHg), these mercury species have been technically difficult to measure in large population studies. Methods Using NHANES 2011–2012 data, we calculated reference ranges and examined demographic factors associated with specific mercury species concentrations and the ratio of MeHg to THg. We conducted several multiple regression analyses to examine factors associated with MeHg concentrations and also with the ratio of MeHg to THg. Results Asians had the highest geometric mean concentrations for MeHg, 1.58 μg/L (95% CI 1.29, 1.93) and THg, 1.86 μg/L (1.58, 2.19), followed by non-Hispanic blacks with MeHg, 0.52 μg/L (0.39, 0.68) and THg, 0.68 μg/L (0.54, 0.85). Greater education attainment in adults and male sex were associated with higher MeHg and THg concentrations. Race/ethnicity, age, and sex were significant predictors of MeHg concentrations, which increased with age and were highest in Asians in all age categories, followed by non-Hispanic blacks. Mexican Americans had the lowest adjusted MeHg concentrations. The ratio of MeHg to THg was highest in Asians, varied by racial/ethnic group, and increased with age in a non-linear fashion. The amount of increase in the MeHg to THg ratio with age depended on the initial ratio, with a greater increase as age increased. Of the overall population, 3.05% (95% CI 1.77, 4.87) had MeHg concentrations >5.8 μg/L (a value that corresponds to the U.S. EPA reference dose). The prevalence was highest in Asians at 15.85% (95% CI 11.85, 20.56), increased with age, reaching a maximum of 9.26% (3.03, 20.42) at ages 60–69 years. Females 16–44 years old had a 1.76% (0.82–3.28) prevalence of MeHg concentrations >5.8 μg/L. Conclusions Asians, males, older individuals, and adults with greater educational attainment had higher MeHg concentrations. The ratio of MeHg to THg varied with racial/ethnic group, increased with age, and was nonlinear. U.S. population reference values for MeHg and the ratio of MeHg to THg can assist in more precise assessment of public health risk from MeHg consumed in seafood.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and methyl mercury in whole blood measured for the first time in the U.S. population: NHANES 2011–2012

Mortensen

Caudill

Caldwell

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

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“…The method accuracy was verified using whole blood reference materials from NIST (SRM 955c Level 3) and Centre de Toxicologie du Québec whole blood proficiency testing samples. The relative standard deviations were 8.3% (IHg) and 6.3% (MeHg); results analyzed by our method compared to certified target values with a slope of 1.05 and r 2 =0.986, all falling within certified ranges (Sommer et al, 2014). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Additionally, inorganic mercury (IHg), methyl mercury (MeHg) and ethyl mercury (EtHg) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography linked with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, this method is described in detail previously (Sommer et al, 2014; Verdon et al, 2008). Only one infant had an EtHg level > the LOD, so EtHg values are not included in the this analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl mercury, but not inorganic mercury, associated with higher blood pressure during pregnancy

Wells

Herbstman

Lin

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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Prior studies addressing associations between mercury and blood pressure have produced inconsistent findings; some of this may result from measuring total instead of speciated mercury. This cross-sectional study of 263 pregnant women assessed total mercury, speciated mercury, selenium, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in umbilical cord blood and blood pressure during labor and delivery. Models with a) total mercury or b) methyl and inorganic mercury were evaluated. Regression models adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, prepregnancy body mass index, neighborhood income, parity, smoking, n-3 fatty acids and selenium. Geometric mean total, methyl, and inorganic mercury concentrations were 1.40 μg/L (95% confidence interval: 1.29, 1.52); 0.95 μg/L (0.84, 1.07); and 0.13 μg/L (0.10, 0.17), respectively. Elevated systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure were found, respectively, in 11.4, 6.8, and 19.8% of mothers. In adjusted multivariable models, a one-tertile increase of methyl mercury was associated with 2.83 mmHg (0.17, 5.50) higher systolic blood pressure and 2.99 mmHg (0.91, 5.08) higher pulse pressure. In the same models, an increase of one tertile of inorganic mercury was associated with a -1.18 mmHg (-3.72, 1.35) lower systolic blood pressure and -2.51 mmHg (-4.49, -0.53) lower pulse pressure. No associations were observed with diastolic pressure. There was a non-significant trend of higher total mercury with higher systolic blood pressure. We observed a significant association of higher methyl mercury with higher systolic and pulse pressure, yet higher inorganic mercury was significantly associated with lower pulse pressure. These results should be confirmed with larger, longitudinal studies.

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“…The effects of mercury can depend on the type of mercury exposure (inorganic vs. organic) although both are considered toxic. Total blood mercury concentrations, such as those measured in this method, are considered indicative of dietary intake of organic mercury, particularly methyl mercury [7], although inorganic and ethyl mercury can also be measured in blood [8]. Blood lead and blood cadmium measurements are widely accepted as an indicator of recent and long-term exposures [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of whole human blood for Pb, Cd, Hg, Se, and Mn by ICP-DRC-MS for biomonitoring and acute exposures

Jones

Jarrett

Tevis

et al. 2017

Talanta

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We improved our inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) whole blood method [1] for determination of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) by including manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se), and expanding the calibration range of all analytes. The method is validated on a PerkinElmer (PE) ELAN® DRC II ICP-MS (ICP-DRC-MS) and uses the Dynamic Reaction Cell (DRC) technology to attenuate interfering background ion signals via ion-molecule reactions. Methane gas (CH4) eliminates background signal from 40Ar2+ to permit determination of 80Se+, and oxygen gas (O2) eliminates several polyatomic interferences (e.g. 40Ar15N+, 54Fe1H+) on 55Mn+. Hg sensitivity in DRC mode is a factor of two higher than vented mode when measured under the same DRC conditions as Mn due to collisional focusing of the ion beam. To compensate for the expanded method’s longer analysis time (due to DRC mode pause delays), we implemented an SC4-FAST autosampler (ESI Scientific, Omaha, NE), which vacuum loads the sample onto a loop, to keep the sample-to-sample measurement time to less than 5 min, allowing for preparation and analysis of 60 samples in an 8-h work shift. The longer analysis time also resulted in faster breakdown of the hydrocarbon oil in the interface roughing pump. The replacement of the standard roughing pump with a pump using a fluorinated lubricant, Fomblin®, extended the time between pump maintenance. We optimized the diluent and rinse solution components to reduce carryover from high concentration samples and prevent the formation of precipitates. We performed a robust calculation to determine the following limits of detection (LOD) in whole blood: 0.07 μg dL−1 for Pb, 0.10 μg L−1 for Cd, 0.28 μg L−1 for Hg, 0.99 μg L−1 for Mn, and 24.5 μg L−1 for Se.

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Measurement of mercury species in human blood using triple spike isotope dilution with SPME-GC-ICP-DRC-MS

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Total and methyl mercury in whole blood measured for the first time in the U.S. population: NHANES 2011–2012

Total and methyl mercury in whole blood measured for the first time in the U.S. population: NHANES 2011–2012

Methyl mercury, but not inorganic mercury, associated with higher blood pressure during pregnancy

Analysis of whole human blood for Pb, Cd, Hg, Se, and Mn by ICP-DRC-MS for biomonitoring and acute exposures

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