Measurement of Protein Carbonyls in Plasma of Smokers and in Oxidized LDL by an ELISA

Marangon, Karine; Devaraj, Sridevi; Jialal, Ishwarlal

doi:10.1093/clinchem/45.4.577

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Protein carbonyls are an excellent biomarker for oxidative stress since they are relatively stable and can be measured with high sensitivity (10 femtomoles). Marangon et al (49) found higher levels of protein carbonyls in the plasma of smokers compared to matched controls. Despite its health related significance, the effects of smoking during pregnancy on protein carbonyl levels, in either maternal or cord blood samples, have not been reported.…”

Section: Redox Proteomics Protein Carbonyls and Smoking During Pregnmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Considerable evidence demonstrates that adult smoking increases oxidative stress biomarkers such as breath pentane (48), plasma protein carbonyls (49), F2 isoprostanes (50) and increased vitamin E consumption through an oxidative stress pathway (51)(52)(53). It is likely that smoking induced intrauterine growth retardation and low birth weight (as well as other poor outcomes) are caused by multiple toxic factors in cigarette smoke but it is, nevertheless, important to know the degree to which oxidative stress plays a role.…”

Section: Maternal Smoking and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well established that oxidative stress can give rise to oxidatively modified forms of proteins such as protein carbonyls (49,93). Protein carbonyls are an excellent biomarker for oxidative stress since they are relatively stable and can be measured with high sensitivity (10 femtomoles).…”

Section: Redox Proteomics Protein Carbonyls and Smoking During Pregnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pathophysiology of smoking during pregnancy a systems biology approach

2014

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This article focuses on a systems biology approach to studying the pathophysiology of cigarette smoking during pregnancy. Particular emphasis is given to the damaging role of oxidative stress. Cigarette smoking exerts multiple adverse affects but abundant evidence, mostly in adults, suggests that oxidative stress and free radical damage is a major pathophysiological factor. Smoking during pregnancy is known to contribute to numerous poor birth outcomes, such as low birth weight, preterm birth as well as life-long health and developmental problems. It is clinically important to know the separate contributions that cigarette derived-nicotine and smoking-induced free oxidative stress make to these poor outcomes. Surprisingly, the extent to which smoking dependent oxidative stress contributes to these poor outcomes is not well studied but the application of redox proteomics should be useful. Considerable biochemical evidence suggests that antioxidants, such as tocopherols and ascorbate, could be useful in minimizing oxidative stress induced pathology to the developing fetus in those women who, despite medical advice, continue to smoke. Nevertheless, this suggestion has yet to be tested in well-designed clinical studies.

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Section: Redox Proteomics Protein Carbonyls and Smoking During Pregnmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Maternal Smoking and Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The pathophysiology of smoking during pregnancy a systems biology approach

2014

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that in vitro exposure of plasma to gasphase cigarette smoke leads to the rapid accumulation of plasma protein carbonyls (Reznick et al, 1992). Increased levels of protein carbonyls have also been found in globin and serum proteins of smokers compared to nonsmokers (Lee et al, 1998;Marangon et al, 1999;Pignatelli et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

No effect of cigarette smoking dose on oxidized plasma proteins

Yeh

Barr

Powell

et al. 2008

Environmental Research

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Cigarette smoking is a major source of oxidative stress. Protein carbonyls have been used as a biomarker of oxidative stress because of the relative stability of carbonylated proteins and the high protein concentration in blood. Increased levels of carbonyl groups have been found in serum proteins of smokers compared to nonsmokers. However, neither the dose effect of current cigarette smoke nor other predictors of oxidative stress have been studied. Hence, we used an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to evaluate plasma protein carbonyls in smokers recruited in the Early Lung Cancer Action Project (ELCAP) program. The lung cancer screening program enrolled current and former smokers age 60 years and over without a prior cancer diagnosis. A total of 542 participants (282 men and 260 women) completed a baseline questionnaire and provided blood samples for the biomarker study. Protein oxidation was measured by derivatization of the carbonyl groups with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and ELISA quantitation of the DNPH group. Current smoking status was confirmed with urinary cotinine. The mean (+/-S.D.) protein carbonyl level was 17.9+/-2.9 nmol carbonyl/ml plasma. Protein carbonyls did not differ significantly by gender. Carbonyl levels were higher among current than former smokers, but these differences did not attain statistical significance, nor did differences by urine cotinine levels, pack-years, pack/day among current smokers, and smoking duration. In a multiple regression analysis, higher protein carbonyl levels were independently associated with increasing age (0.59 nmol/ml increase per 10 years, 95% CI 0.14, 1.05, p=0.01), African-American vs. white race/ethnicity, (1.30 nmol/ml, 95% CI 0.4, 2.19, p=0.008), and lower educational attainment (0.75 nmol/ml, 95% CI 0.12, 1.38, p=0.02). Although we found no significant difference between current vs. past cigarette smoking and protein carbonyls in this older group of smokers, associations were found for age, ethnicity, and educational attainment. Our results indicate that the measurement of plasma carbonyls by this ELISA technique is still an easy and suitable method for studies of diseases related to oxidative stress.

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“…The assessment of carbonyls has been suggested as a good reflection of oxidative stress in humans [11,12], although its use in asthma is infrequent and has included small groups of asthmatic subjects. There is evidence that carbonyls correlated positively with production of eosinophils in broncho-alveolar lavage and sputum of asthmatics [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%