Measurement of respiratory system resistance by forced oscillation in normal children: A comparison with spirometric values

Lebecque, Patrick; Desmond, Katharine J.; Swartebroeckx, Y.; Dubois, Philippe; Lulling, J.; Coates, Allan L.

doi:10.1002/ppul.1950100214

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…3) to previous studies [24][25][26]. Additionally, baseline Rrs values corresponded well to previous values obtained in asthmatic children [27,28], but were slightly higher than those previously obtained in healthy children [3,28,29].…”

Section: Spirometry and Rrssupporting

confidence: 76%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Airway resistance variability and response to bronchodilator in children with asthma

Lall¹,

Cheng²,

Hernández³

et al. 2007

Eur Respir J

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Variability of airway function is a feature of asthma, spanning timescales from months to seconds. Short-term variation in airway resistance (Rrs) is elevated in asthma and is thought to be due to increased variation in the contractile activation of airway smooth muscle. If true, then variation in Rrs should decrease in response to bronchodilators, but this has not been investigated.Using the forced oscillation technique, Rrs and the variation in Rrs from 4-34 Hz were measured in 39 children with well-controlled mild-to-moderate asthma and 31 healthy controls (7-13 yrs) before and after an inhaled bronchodilator (200 mg salbutamol) or placebo.In agreement with other findings, baseline Rrs at all frequencies and the SD of Rrs (Rrs SD) below 14 Hz were found to be elevated in asthma while neither forced expiratory volume in one second nor the mean forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of forced vital capacity were different compared with controls. The present authors found that Rrs SD changed the most of any measurement in asthma, and this was the only measurement that changed significantly more in children with asthma following bronchodilator administration.The present results show that like airway narrowing, short-term airway variability of resistance may be a characteristic feature of asthma that may be useful for monitoring response to therapy.

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Section: Spirometry and Rrssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…This is especially the case in young children or in adult populations where spirometry is not feasible, as the FOT does not require a learned manoeuvre [1][2][3][4][5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway resistance variability and response to bronchodilator in children with asthma

Lall¹,

Cheng²,

Hernández³

et al. 2007

Eur Respir J

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“…This is a useful tool in evaluating lung function in young children with limited ability to cooperate 1 and older children. [2][3][4] FOT has been shown to be applicable in the clinical evaluation of preschool children with cystic fibrosis 5 as well as older children with cystic fibrosis during a respiratory tract exacerbation. 6 Lung function measured with FOT has also been evaluated in children born prematurely with or without neonatal chronic lung disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory impedance and bronchodilator response in healthy Italian preschool children

Calogero¹,

Parri²,

Baccini³

et al. 2010

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Summary. Objective: To define normal values for respiratory resistance (R rs ) and reactance (X rs ) and bronchodilator response (BDR) in a population of healthy Italian preschool children using a commercially available forced oscillation device. Methods: R rs and X rs were measured in kindergartens in Viterbo, Italy. Regression analysis was performed taking into account height, weight, age, gender, and reference equations calculated. The coefficient of repeatability (CR) between two tests performed 15 min apart was calculated in a subset of children. BDR was assessed by repeating the measurements 15 min after the administration of 200 mg of inhaled salbutamol and calculated as an absolute change in R rs and X rs at 8 Hz, as a percent change in baseline, and as a change in Z-score calculated from the reference equations. Results: Lung function was attempted in 175 healthy children and successful in 163 (81 male, median age 4.8, range 2.9-6.1 years). R rs and X rs at 6, 8, and 10 Hz were related to height but not other variables. The CR was 1.53 hPa s L À1 for R rs8 and 0.91 hPa s L À1 for X rs8 . The 5th percentile for absolute R rs8 BDR was À3.16 hPa s L À1, whereas the 95th percentile for absolute X rs8 BDR was 2.25 hPa s L À1. These cut-off values corresponded to a change in the Z-score of À1.88 and 2.48, respectively. Conclusions: We have established reference equations for R rs and X rs in healthy Italian preschool children using forced oscillations. We recommend a change in Z-score of À1.88 for R rs8 and 2.48 for X rs8 as cut-off values for a positive BDR.

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“…In addition, as the measurements are performed during tidal breathing, the bronchomotor tone is not affected. FOT has been successfully used in neonates [4], children [5][6][7][8] and even during anaesthesia [9,10]. Nowadays, the equipment is also compact in size and suitable for field studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term variations in oscillatory and spirometric lung function indices among school children

Kl¹,

Jt²,

Ro³

et al. 1997

Eur Respir J

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The aim of this study was to compare immediate, daily and weekly variation in respiratory resistance measured by means of the forced oscillation technique (Rrs,FOT) to spirometric indices in 7-12 year old children with chronic respiratory symptoms.The lung function measurements were performed in 19 children on 4 days, i.e. two consecutive days during two consecutive weeks. On each day, the measurements were carried out at the same time of day and always repeated three times. In addition, Rrs,FOT and spirometric lung function indices were compared with an exercise challenge test in 12 children.Intrasubject coefficients of variation (CoVs) for Rrs,FOT were larger than those for spirometric indices. Only in the immediately repeated measurements was the CoV of maximal expiratory flow at 25% vital capacity larger than that of Rrs,FOT (16.6 vs 14.9%). At all time intervals, the smallest CoVs were observed in forced vital capacity (FVC) or in the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to FVC (2.0-2.6%). When excluding Rrs,FOT values which were not within 2 SD (0.11 kPa·L -1 ·s) of the differences between the immediately repeated measurements, the CoV of the immediately repeated measurements of Rrs,FOT was reduced to 9.1%, being smaller than that of maximal mid-expiratory flow (10.1%). However, even then the day-to-day variation in Rrs,FOT was clearly larger (16.0%) than those of the airflow indices at specified lung volumes (7.2-8.3%). This was also true for the weekly variation. In the exercise challenge test, there were larger changes in Rrs,FOT values than in the spirometric indices, but Rrs,FOT was the most sensitive index to detect changes in the respiratory system.In conclusion, the variation in Rrs,FOT values was larger than that of most spirometric indices. When a reliability index was applied, the immediate variation in Rrs,FOT values was comparable to those of the airflow indices at specified lung volumes. Rrs,FOT was also the most sensitive index in the exercise challenge test, and therefore it seems to be suitable for detection of short-term functional changes in the respiratory system. However, the relatively low repeatability of Rrs,FOT over days and weeks may limit its applicability to longer-term follow-ups. Eur Respir J., 1997; 10: 82-87 Spirometry is a conventional and well-documented method for detecting lung function changes. However, there are some difficulties in spirometric lung function measurements, especially in children. Spirometry needs good active co-operation, and at the beginning of the forced expiration, in particular, the correct breathing technique is required. The end of the forced expiration does not depend on the force developed by the expiratory muscles, but children tend to finish the expiration too early. As a result of the incomplete expiratory effort there can be a large overestimation of maximal expiratory flow at 25% vital capacity (MEF25) [1]. In addition, the forced breathing manoeuvre may affect bronchomotor tone [1,2].Lung function measurement by the fo...

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Measurement of respiratory system resistance by forced oscillation in normal children: A comparison with spirometric values

Cited by 64 publications

References 31 publications

Airway resistance variability and response to bronchodilator in children with asthma

Airway resistance variability and response to bronchodilator in children with asthma

Respiratory impedance and bronchodilator response in healthy Italian preschool children

Short-term variations in oscillatory and spirometric lung function indices among school children

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