Measurement of Solubility of Thiamine Hydrochloride Hemihydrate in Three Binary Solvents and Mixing Properties of Solutions

Abstract

Data on (solid + liquid) equilibrium of thiamine hydrochloride hemihydrate (HH) in {water + (ethanol, acetone, or 2-propanol)} solvents will provide essential support for industrial design and further theoretical studies. In this study the solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) was experimentally measured over temperatures ranging from 278.15 to 313.15 K under atmospheric pressure by a dynamic method. For the temperature range investigated, the equilibrium solubility of thiamine hydrochloride hemihydrate (HH) varies with temperature and the composition of the solvents. The experimental solubility was regressed with different models including the modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, as well as NRTL equation. All the models gave good agreements with the experimental results. On the basis of the solubility data of HH, the thermodynamic properties of mixing process of HH with mixed solvents were also discussed. The results indicate that the mixing process of HH is exothermic. Besides, the model outwardly like the Arrhenius equation was employed to quantitatively exhibit the relationship between solubility and solvents mixtures polarity of solvents mixtures.

Solubility of Benzoin in Six Monosolvents and in Some Binary Solvent Mixtures at Various Temperatures

“…The solubility parameter widely used in drug delivery, , defined by Hildebrand and Scott, expresses the cohesive forces between molecules . The solubility parameter was defined as square root of cohesive energy density and is shown as − where E is the energy of vaporization and V represents the molar volume of the compound. Hansen divided E into three parts, E D , E P , E H .…”

“…The λ h equation describes the relationship between solubility and temperature: where λ and h are the model parameters, T is the absolute temperature, and T m is the melting point of solute; that is, benzoin in this work.…”

Ultrasound-assisted theophylline polymorphic transformation: Selective polymorph nucleation, molecular mechanism and kinetics analysis

“…The dynamic method was used to measure the solubility of theophylline, which has been proved to be accurate and reliable in published literatures [36] , [37] . The experimental equipment was similar to that using laser monitoring method in many published literatures [38] , [39] .…”

A Novel Shadowgraphic Inline Measurement Technique for Image-Based Crystal Size Distribution Analysis

“…At t start = 0 h the ethanol was added as the antisolvent. The initial masses were calculated based on literature data [67]. The experiment was carried out at a constant temperature of 25 • C, and the impeller speed was set to 250 rpm, similar to the experiments with KH 2 PO 4 .…”

“…Hence, the solid-liquid equilibrium of the pseudo-monohydrate is difficult to measure, and therefore barely investigated [65,66]. Fortunately, data of the less-soluble thiamine hydrochloride hemihydrate in some binary solvents are reported, and therefore the experimental design was based on data of a binary water/ethanol mixture [67]. Some physiochemical properties of the thiamin hydrochloride and KH 2 PO 4 are shown in Table 1.…”