Measurement of stratospheric and mesospheric winds with a submillimeter wave limb sounder: results from JEM/SMILES and simulation study for SMILES-2

Baron, Philippe; Manago, Naohiro; Ozeki, Hiroyuki; Irimajiri, Yoshihisa; Murtagh, Donal; Uzawa, Yoshinori; Ochiai, Satoshi; Shiotani, Masato

doi:10.1117/12.2194741

Cited by 8 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The first observations of zonal and meridional wind by lidars covering the entire gap region in the USLM have been presented by (Baumgarten, 2010) using the RMR lidar at ALOMAR, the instrument which is contributing to the present study. Validations of the method for nighttime observations have been presented by Hildebrand et al (2012) and Lübken et al (2016).…”

Section: Middle-atmospheric Wind Lidarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade two new techniques that achieve wind observations throughout the entire USLM, independent of daylight conditions, became operational: Doppler microwave wind radiometry and middle-atmospheric lidar spectroscopy (Rüfenacht et al, 2012;Baumgarten, 2010). While wind radiometry was developed from scratch, the lidar technique could benefit from earlier works on nighttime stratospheric wind measurements by lidar (Chanin et al, 1989;Souprayen et al, 1999;Tepley, 1994;Friedman et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercomparison of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

et al. 2018

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Wind profile information throughout the entire upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (USLM) is important for the understanding of atmospheric dynamics but became available only recently, thanks to developments in remote sensing techniques and modelling approaches. However, as wind measurements from these altitudes are rare, such products have generally not yet been validated with (other) observations. This paper presents the first long-term intercomparison of wind observations in the USLM by colocated microwave radiometer and lidar instruments at Andenes, Norway (69.3 • N, 16.0 • E). Good correspondence has been found at all altitudes for both horizontal wind components for nighttime as well as daylight conditions. Biases are mostly within the random errors and do not exceed 5-10 m s −1 , which is less than 10 % of the typically encountered wind speeds. Moreover, comparisons of the observations with the major reanalyses and models covering this altitude range are shown, in particular with the recently released ERA5, ECMWF's first reanalysis to cover the whole USLM region. The agreement between models and observations is very good in general, but temporally limited occurrences of pronounced discrepancies (up to 40 m s −1 ) exist. In the article's Appendix the possibility of obtaining nighttime wind information about the mesopause region by means of microwave radiometry is investigated.

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Section: Middle-atmospheric Wind Lidarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercomparison of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

et al. 2018

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“…Good wind retrievals can also be derived from SIS1 between 30 and 70 km, which provides redundancy but with less precision than SIS3. More details are given in Baron et al (2015).…”

Section: Wind Retrievalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details on the climatology are given in Baron et al (2015). Below 100 km, temperature, geopotential height, O 3 , H 2 O, CO, and HCl are taken from Aura/ MLS observations and the a priori used in their retrievals.…”

Section: Simulation Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMILES-2 Mission for Temperature, Wind, and Composition in the Whole Atmosphere

Ochiai

Baron

Nishibori

et al. 2017

SOLA

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The Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder 2 (SMILES-2) is a satellite mission that will be proposed to the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for a launch after 2023. It will scan the atmospheric limb from the lower stratosphere to the lower thermosphere for retrieving the profiles of temperature between 15 and 160 km, horizontal wind vector (30− 160 km), ground state atomic oxygen (90−160 km), and dynamical tracers and ozone-chemistry related species (15−110 km). SMILES-2 is designed to fit the JAXA small satellite and will be equipped with two antennas, three GHz-channel receivers, and one THz receiver. Each receiver has a superconducting device on the front end cooled by a mechanical cryocooler, which is an established technology. Highly sensitive limb observation owing to the superconducting technology has great advantages of satisfactorily measuring all the altitude profiles in a short time of less than 1 min, and of retrieving the main products with sufficient precision on a single profile. Hence, a wind vector profile can be obtained with a precision better than 10 m s −1 with a vertical resolution of 3 km below 100 km and 5 km above 100 km.(Citation: Ochiai, S., P. Baron, T. Nishibori, Y. Iri majiri, Y. Uzawa, T. Manabe, H. Maezawa, A. Mizuno, T. Naga hama, H. Sagawa, M. Suzuki, and M. Shiotani, 2017: SMILES-2 mission for temperature, wind, and composition in the whole atmosphere. SOLA, 13A, 13−18,

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“…International Space Station (ISS) (Baron et al, 2013) and an early-stage project for a satellite microwave limb sounding wind instrument exists (Baron et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Validation of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

Rüfenacht

Baumgarten

Hildebrand

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Wind profile information throughout the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (USLM) is important for the understanding of atmospheric dynamics but became available only recently, thanks to developments in remote sensing techniques and modelling approaches. However, as wind measurements from these altitudes are still very rare, such products havegenerally not yet been validated with (other) observations. This paper presents the first long-term intercomparison of wind observations in the USLM by opposing co-located microwave radiometer and lidar instruments at Andenes (69.3 • N, 16.0 • E). 5Good correspondence has been found at all altitudes for both horizontal wind components for nighttime as well as daylight conditions. Biases are mostly within the random errors and do not exceed 5-10 m/s which is less than 10% of the typically encountered wind speeds. Moreover, comparisons of the observations with the major re-analyses and models covering this altitude range are shown, especially also with the freshly released ERA5, ECMWF's first re-analysis to cover the whole USLM region. The agreement between models and observations is very good in general, but temporally limited occurrences of pro-10 nounced discrepancies (up to 40 m/s) exist. In the article's appendix the possibility of obtaining nighttime wind information about the mesopause region by means of microwave radiometry is investigated.

show abstract

Measurement of stratospheric and mesospheric winds with a submillimeter wave limb sounder: results from JEM/SMILES and simulation study for SMILES-2

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Intercomparison of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

Intercomparison of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

SMILES-2 Mission for Temperature, Wind, and Composition in the Whole Atmosphere

Validation of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models

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