Measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray induced neutrons aboard an ER-2 high-altitude airplane

Goldhagen, P.; Reginatto, Marcel; Kniss, T.; Wilson, John W.; Singleterry, Robert C.; Jones, I. W.; Steveninck, W Van

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(01)01386-9

Cited by 164 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…the neutron energy spectrum remains essentially unchanged (Goldhagen et al, 2003;Goldhagen et al, 2002;Kowatari et al, 2005;Lal and Peters, 1967). However, near the Earth's surface both neutron production and scattering properties change profoundly, leading to a non-equilibrium situation (Hendrick and Edge, 1966;Kastner et al, 1970;Kodama, 1983;Masarik et al, 2007;O'Brien et al, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a hydrogen-rich ground cover on cosmogenic thermal neutrons: Implications for exposure dating

Dunai

Binnie

Hein

et al. 2014

Quaternary Geochronology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of a hydrogen-rich ground cover on cosmogenic thermal neutrons Publisher Rights Statement:This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Quaternary Geochronology (2013) General rightsCopyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policyThe University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact openaccess@ed.ac.uk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a hydrogen-rich ground cover on cosmogenic thermal neutrons: Implications for exposure dating

Dunai

Binnie

Hein

et al. 2014

Quaternary Geochronology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sensor 2 is a 3 He counter covered with 1-mmthick gadolinium. Sensor 3 is a 3 He counter covered with a 1.5-cm-thick polyethylene sphere and 1-mm-thick gadolinium. Sensors 4, 5, and 6 are 3 He counters covered with 3-, 5-, and 9-cm-thick polyethylene spheres, respectively.…”

Section: Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] However, only one neutron spectrum measurement on board was performed in the low cutoff rigidity region over Japan on Feb. 27,1985, by Nakamura et al 12) A multimoderator spectrometer, the so-called Bonner ball detector, is the standard neutron spectrometer used for radiological protection and environmental measurements, where the neutron energy range is below 15 MeV. In most aircraft measurements of the cosmic neutron energy spectrum, [2][3][4]6) a specially constructed Bonner ball spectrometer, to which a metal shell converter was added, was used to extend the energy range over 1 GeV. However, the accuracy of this instrument is insufficient for measuring the cosmic neutron spectrum and evaluating the exposure dose at aviation altitude in the energy region above 15 MeV with the Bonner ball, due to the absence of verification by other neutron spectrometers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Energy Spectra from Thermal to 15 MeV with Bonner Ball Neutron Detector in Aircraft

Yajima¹,

Yasuda²,

Takada³

et al. 2010

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cosmic-ray neutron energy spectra from thermal to 15 MeV were measured with a multimoderator spectrometer known as the Bonner Ball Neutron Detector (BBND) at aviation altitude (9-11 km). Four flights were carried out around Nagoya Airport in Japan. The measured data were unfolded using the maximum entropy deconvolution code MAXED, and the derived spectra agreed with the calculated results using the PHITS-based analytical radiation model in the atmosphere (PARMA). The results of the in-flight measurement verified the accuracy of model calculation in regard to the neutrons within a certain energy range.

show abstract

“…But there is a limitation for a low detection efficiency for the BS system to a high energy neutron above a few tens of mega-electron volts (MeV). From the nineties the need for a neutron field spectrometry around high energy particle accelerators and in an atmospheric environment at high altitudes has increased and created enhanced BS with high Z materials such as Pb, Fe or Cu which have large (n, xn) cross sections for a high energy neutron [2][3][4] . The neutron multiplication process which occurs within a metal shell increases the response for a high energy neutron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron Spectral Measurement at the Proton Therapy Room of the National Cancer Center of Korea

Kim

Han

Kwon

et al. 2008

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neutrons, which are mainly induced from a beam modulator and two beam flattening scatters bombarded by high energetic protons inside the gantry of the proton therapy unit of the National Cancer Center (NCC) of Korea, were measured by using the Bonner Sphere (BS) of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). Protons were accelerated to 218 MeV using a cyclotron and guided to a gantry for modulating of the beam size and energy. The modulated proton beam irradiated the surface of a water phantom to simulate a condition of a proton therapy. Neutron spectral measurements were performed at two proton therapy rooms with a rotational and a fixed gantry respectively for different beam directions of the proton beam. The fluence average energies were 3.14 and 2.92 MeV at the two measuring positions respectively and there was a significant fraction of low energy neutrons under 0.5 eV. Dose equivalent rates were consistent to within 10% with the survey data measured by a neutron remmeter. Two kinds of neutron spectra were prepared to unfold the BS measurement data and the difference in the unfolding result for the two cases was not big for some dosimetric data.

show abstract

Measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray induced neutrons aboard an ER-2 high-altitude airplane

Cited by 164 publications

References 18 publications

The effects of a hydrogen-rich ground cover on cosmogenic thermal neutrons: Implications for exposure dating

The effects of a hydrogen-rich ground cover on cosmogenic thermal neutrons: Implications for exposure dating

Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Energy Spectra from Thermal to 15 MeV with Bonner Ball Neutron Detector in Aircraft

Neutron Spectral Measurement at the Proton Therapy Room of the National Cancer Center of Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About