Measurement of the plasma electron temperature in a strong shock wave

Filippova, T. I.; Filippov, N.V.; Zhurin, Viacheslav V.; Vinogradov, V. P.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/1/3/007

Cited by 61 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Supposing that the average kinetic energy of deutrons kin i Ε was about 20 MeV, we obtain that, according to (12), the dimensionless factor a for this experiment was about 10.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Subsequently, this configuration was called a plasma focus [12,13]. In subsequent experiments on a deuterium plasma focus at currents of about 1 MA, electron beams, hard x rays, and "epithermal" deuterons with energies up to 8 MeV were detected [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although hot spots are frequently observed in all varieties of Z pinch, such as plasma focuses [12][13][14]17], plasma liners [10,14], and vacuum sparks [18], the process of their formation in an X pinch has received the most study. An X pinch is a device consisting of two or more crossed wires (forming the letter "X"), and, like the plasma focus, it was proposed [19] to produce hot spots.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Coulomb explosion of “hot spot”

Oreshkin

Chaikovsky

et al. 2016

Physics of Plasmas

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The study presented in this paper has shown that the generation of hard x rays and highenergy ions, which are detected in pinch implosion experiments, may be associated with the Coulomb explosion of the hot spot that is formed due to the outflow of the material from the pinch cross point. During the process of material outflow, the temperature of the hot spot plasma increases, and conditions arise for the plasma electrons to become continuously accelerated. The runaway of electrons from the hot spot region results in the buildup of positive space charge in this region followed by a Coulomb explosion. The conditions for the hot spot plasma electrons to become continuously accelerated have been revealed and estimates have been obtained for the kinetic energy of the ions generated by the Coulomb explosion.A Z pinch is an electrical discharge in plasma, which is compressed under the action of the magnetic pressure produced by the intrinsic discharge current [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Typical of Z pinches is the formation of hot spots due to the development of large-scale MHD instabilities [1,2,8-10].The discharge plasma column is deformed during compression, which is accompanied by the formation of necks smaller in radius than the main column. The magnetic pressure in the neck region increases, resulting, first, in faster compression and, second, in material outflow from the neck region in the axial direction. The final stage of the necking is a hot spot.Apparently, the axial jets were first detected in an experimental study [11] where the process of compression of deuterium pinches was investigated. As these jets were accounted for by an increase in neutron yield, the authors of Ref.[11] proposed a "noncylindrical Z pinch" in which the formation of the hot spot was predetermined by the geometry of the discharge.Subsequently, this configuration was called a plasma focus [12,13]. In subsequent experiments on a deuterium plasma focus at currents of about 1 MA, electron beams, hard x rays, and "epithermal" deuterons with energies up to 8 MeV were detected [14]. Even more energetic deuterons with energies of several tens of megaelectron-volts were detected in experiments with deuterium liners imploded at a current of 2.7 MA [15]. To explain the generation of high-energy ions and hard x rays, the so-called "target" mechanism was proposed [16]. It is assumed that in the final stage of formation of the hot spot, displacement currents occur that generate strong electric fields in which charged particles are accelerated.

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“…Supposing that the average kinetic energy of deutrons kin i Ε was about 20 MeV, we obtain that, according to (12), the dimensionless factor a for this experiment was about 10.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coulomb explosion of “hot spot”

Oreshkin

Chaikovsky

et al. 2016

Physics of Plasmas

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“…The practical realization of this aim was linked with the specificity of the used plasma source. The IPD method uses a very specific plasma source -a coaxial accelerator -developed by Mather [14] and Filippova [15] -Plasma Focus device. Impulse plasma is generated in the interelectrode space of the accelerator as a result of high voltage and high current discharge ignited by a gas dose injected by an impulse valve [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium nitride coatings synthesized by IPD method with eliminated current oscillations

Choduń

Nowakowska-Langier

Zdunek

2016

Materials Science-Poland

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This paper presents the effects of elimination of current oscillations within the coaxial plasma accelerator during IPD deposition process on the morphology, phase structure and properties of synthesized TiN coatings. Current observations of waveforms have been made by use of an oscilloscope. As a test material for experiments, titanium nitride TiN coatings synthesized on silicon and high-speed steel substrates were used. The coatings morphology, phase composition and wear resistance properties were determined. The character of current waveforms in the plasma accelerator electric circuit plays a crucial role during the coatings synthesis process. Elimination of the current oscillations leads to obtaining an ultrafine grained structure of titanium nitride coatings and to disappearance of the tendency to structure columnarization. The coatings obtained during processes of a non-oscillating character are distinguished by better wear-resistance properties.

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“…The electrodes are connected to a pulsed power generator, basically composed by a capacitor bank and a high voltage switch [1,2]. An insulator covers partially the anode bottom surface where the discharge starts, connecting the anode with the cathode when the energy is transferred from the capacitor bank to the electrodes configuration at the moment that the switch is closed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiality of a table top plasma focus as X-ray source: Radiographic applications

Pavez¹,

Zambra²,

Veloso³

et al. 2014

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Images radiographic testing on different elements both in biological and inorganic samples are obtained using the X-ray radiation coming from a small plasma focus of at least 350J (880 nF, 40 nH, 28kV, T/4 ∼ 300ns). The experimental device is operated using hydrogen as filling gas in a discharge region limited by a volume of around 70 cm 3 . The X-ray radiation is monitored shot by shot by means of a scintillator-photomultiplier system located outside of the vacuum chamber at 2.3m far away from the emission region. Angular distribution measurements of the accumulated X-ray dose are carried out using TLD-100 dosimeters which are radially distributed around the emission region center. There are two different arrays for the dosimeter which are placed in two different radial positions outside the discharge chamber. In each array, the TLDs dosimeters are uniformly located and distributed respect to the symmetry axis of the plasma column. An estimation of the energy spectrum of X-ray by means of the filters techniques is presented. The potential of this table top plasma focus is discussed according to its size, the quality of the radiographies, the effective equivalent energy and the dosimetric characteristics.

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Measurement of the plasma electron temperature in a strong shock wave

Cited by 61 publications

References 4 publications

Coulomb explosion of “hot spot”

Coulomb explosion of “hot spot”

Titanium nitride coatings synthesized by IPD method with eliminated current oscillations

Potentiality of a table top plasma focus as X-ray source: Radiographic applications

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