“…The JET metal influxes have also been quantitatively explained [198]. Studies of metal impurity production have been reported for a number of tokamaks, and the influx rates have generally been accounted for by known sputtering processes: Tuman-3 (Fe, Ni) [436], ISX-B (Be, Cr, Ti, Fe) [191,363], ALCATOR-C (Mo) [437], TEXTOR (Cr, Fe) [38,131,438], UNITOR (Cr) [429], ASDEX (Fe, Ti) [359,361], Dili (Ti) [439].…”