Measurement Structure of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire-24 in a Sample of Individuals With Musculoskeletal Pain: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the factorial structure of the Coping Strategy Questionnaire-24 (CSQ-24) in a sample of Canadians with chronic musculoskeletal pain.Method: The sample included 171 workers’ compensation clients (50.9% men) recruited from outpatient rehabilitation facilities in Canada. Mean age of participants was 42.45 years (SD = 9.87). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the factorial validity of the CSQ-24.Results: CFA indicated that the respecified 4-factor model comprising 20-specific coping items provided the best fit between the model and data, with χ2/df = 2.009, CFI = 0.916, RMSEA = .077. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the 4 factors ranged from .80 to .86. The CSQ-24 correlated moderately in the predicted directions with pain intensity, activity interference, and depression, supporting its construct validity.Conclusion: The CSQ-24 was found to measure the 4 coping strategy factors reported by Harland and Georgieff (2003). It demonstrated good internal consistency reliability and construct validity and can be used as a brief coping measure for chronic pain clients in clinical rehabilitation settings.Chung-Yi Chiu, PhD, CRC, is an assistant professor, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Pain Coping Profiles in Workers’ Compensation Clients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cluster Analysis

“…The results of our study indicate that the use of positive coping strategies is linked to successful rehabilitation outcomes, including better mental health, reduced problems with activity interference, and higher quality of life. This is consistent with the pain rehabilitation literature, as adaptive coping strategies have been related to positive outcomes for patients with chronic pain (Chiu et al, 2014;Lee, Chan, & Berven, 2007;Stoffel, Reis, Schwarz, & Schröder, 2013;Turner et al, 2000). However, our findings also revealed that clients using catastrophising strategies had higher levels of activity interference and depression, as well as lower quality of life.…”

“…The new questionnaire retained 24 items and yielded a four-factor solution that incorporates catastrophising, diversion, cognitive coping, and reinterpreting factors. Chiu et al (2014) further validated the factorial and construct validity of the CSQ-24 for use as a brief coping measure in outpatient rehabilitation settings. To expand the use of the CSQ-24 in clinical settings, it will be important to investigate pain coping profiles among rehabilitation clients using the CSQ-24.…”

Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Coping Strategies: A Cross-sectional Study for Identifying Psychological Alarms and Factors Related to Coping in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

“…Internal consistency was based on Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the four factors ranging from 0.80 to 0.86. Factorial validity of CSQ-24 was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) which produced four factors and provided the best fit between the model and data, with x2/df 2.009, Confirmatory Fit Index (CFI) 0.916 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) 0.077 (Chiu et al, 2014).…”