Measurements of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons by the Wizard/CAPRICE collaboration

Boezio, M.; Barbiellini, G.; Bonvicini, V.; Schiavon, P.; Vacchi, A.; Zampa, N.; Bergström, David; Carlson, P.; Francke, T.; Grinstein, S.; Weber, N.; Suffert, M.; Hof, M.; Kremer, J. A.; Menn, W.; Simon, M.; Stephens, S. A.; Ambriola, M.; Bellotti, R.; Cafagna, F.; Ciacio, F.; Circella, M.; Marzo, C. De; Finetti, N.; Papini, P.; Piccardi, S.; Спиллантини, П.; Bartalucci, S.; Ricci, M.; Grimani, C.; Casolino, M.; Pascale, M. P. De; Morselli, A.; Picozza, P.; Sparvoli, R.; Mitchell, J. W.; Ormes, J. F.; Streitmatter, R. E.; Bravar, U.; Stochaj, S. J.

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(01)00108-9

Cited by 84 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The observation of the positron fraction increase with energy has been reported by earlier experiments: TS93 [18], Wizard/CAPRICE [19], HEAT [20], AMS-01 [21], PAMELA [22], and Fermi-LAT [23]. The most recent results are presented in Fig.…”

Section: H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Ssupporting

confidence: 67%

First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV

Aguilar¹,

Alberti²,

Alpat³

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. Lett.

1,009

710

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A precision measurement by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 0.5 to 350 GeV based on 6.8×106 positron and electron events is presented. The very accurate data show that the positron fraction is steadily increasing from 10 to ∼250 GeV, but, from 20 to 250 GeV, the slope decreases by an order of magnitude. The positron fraction spectrum shows no fine structure, and the positron to electron ratio shows no observable anisotropy. Together, these features show the existence of new physical phenomena

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Section: H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Ssupporting

confidence: 67%

First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV

Aguilar¹,

Alberti²,

Alpat³

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. Lett.

1,009

710

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Ssupporting

confidence: 71%

Positrons Galore

Coutu¹

2013

Physics

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Section: Dramatis Personaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi LAT) can map the entire gamma-ray sky between 300 MeV and 500 GeV over all spatial scales, with an angular resolution that ranges from 0.1 • to 1 • depending Figure 1: Comparison to extant data from AMS-02 [4], Fermi LAT [5], ATIC [6], HEAT [7], CAPRICE [8], BETS [9], and H.E.S.S. [10] of a model considering contributions to the e ± flux from the following categories: e − from distant (> 3 kpc) SNRs (dot-dashed yellow) and local SNRs (dotted green), secondary e ± (long dashed red) and e ± from PWNe (short dashed blue).…”

Section: Dramatis Personaementioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsar Wind Nebulae and Cosmic Rays: A Bedtime Story

Weinstein¹

2014

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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The role pulsar wind nebulae play in producing our locally observed cosmic ray spectrum remains murky, yet intriguing. Pulsar wind nebulae are born and evolve in conjunction with SNRs, which are favored sites of Galactic cosmic ray acceleration. As a result they frequently complicate interpretation of the gamma-ray emission seen from SNRs. However, pulsar wind nebulae may also contribute directly to the local cosmic ray spectrum, particularly the leptonic component. This paper reviews the current thinking on pulsar wind nebulae and their connection to cosmic ray production from an observational perspective. It also considers how both future technologies and new ways of analyzing existing data can help us to better address the relevant theoretical questions. A number of key points will be illustrated with recent results from the VHE (E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray observatory VERITAS. Keywords: IntroductionThe discovery of cosmic rays in the early twentieth century [1, 2] inaugurated a decades-long, serialized mystery story that has yet to be completed. At the heart of the mystery lies a set of of simple questions. What particles appear in the cosmic ray spectrum that we see from Earth? Where do these particles originate? How are they accelerated? In recent decades direct cosmic ray observations have brought us a wealth of information on the cosmic ray spectrum and its composition, clues to the types of environments in which cosmic rays are born. The interaction of these particles with interstellar magnetic fields, however, prevents them from being traced back to their point of origin.In order to pursue the other half of this mystery-the nature of cosmic ray accelerators-we must use the secondary photon radiation produced in these cosmic ray nurseries. These high-energy (300 MeV -100 GeV) and very high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma rays are not deflected by interstellar magnetic fields and can be used to map cosmic ray populations in and near their parent accelerators. The different processes by which relativistic cosmic ray electrons, protons, and heavier nuclei produce high-energy gamma rays leave characteristic imprints on the gamma-ray energy spectrum of particular astrophysical accelerators. These features may be used to constrain the composition and energy spectrum of accelerated particle populations.The local cosmic ray spectrum is known to be a mix of protons and heavier nuclei, with a smaller admixture of leptons. A mix of astrophysical accelerators within and outside our Galaxy is believed to contribute, including shocks arising in supernova remnants (SNRs), shocks formed by interacting high-velocity winds from massive stars [3], pulsars, and active galactic nuclei (AGN). We focus here on a single subplot of a much larger story-the role played by pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) in our quest to understand the Galactic cosmic ray spectrum. Dramatis PersonaeNo single gamma-ray observatory provides a complete picture of the gamma-ray sky at all energies and spatial scales. The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (...

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Measurements of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons by the Wizard/CAPRICE collaboration

Cited by 84 publications

References 20 publications

First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV

First Result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: Precision Measurement of the Positron Fraction in Primary Cosmic Rays of 0.5–350 GeV

Positrons Galore

Pulsar Wind Nebulae and Cosmic Rays: A Bedtime Story

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