Measurements of electron density, temperature and photoionization cross sections of the excited states of neon in a discharge plasma

Mahmood, S.; Shaikh, Nek M.; Kalyar, M. A.; Rafiq, Muhammad; Piracha, Naveed K.; Baig, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2009.03.029

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…An increase in the plasma dimensions is like an increase in the plasma parameters in the present study. Similar kind of increasing behavior of plasma parameters with ablation energy is also reported for neon and silicon plasmas [29,30]. For aluminum, which belongs to the same group of thallium, Shaikh et al [6] reported the variation of plasma temperature and electron number density of aluminum plasma as a function of laser irradiance using a fundamental, 2nd and 3rd harmonics of a Nd:YAG laser.…”

Section: Laser Irradiance Dependence Of Plasma Parameterssupporting

confidence: 58%

Spectroscopic investigations of the laser induced thallium plasma

et al. 2018

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been used for the spectroscopic characterization of thallium (Tl) plasma, produced using the fundamental harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The optical emission was recorded in the spectral range of 200-720 nm using a set of five miniature spectrometers with 2.5 μs delay time and 2.1 ms gate width. The plasma temperature was determined using the Boltzmann-plot method, and the electron number density was deduced from the Stark broadened line profile of Tl (I) 322.97 nm line. The plasma temperature and electron number density have been evaluated as a function of laser irradiance (5.2 × 10 10 to 8.2 × 10 10 W cm −2 ) which increases from 11 450-13 780 K and (5.2-6.2) × 10 17 cm −3 respectively. The spatial profile of these parameters shows a decreasing trend from 13 000-7600 K and (6.3-5.8) × 10 17 cm −3 along the plume expansion length up to 2.5 mm from the target surface. The spatial behavior of the plasma parameters has been discussed in relation to the reported temporal trend to indicate inter-relation of the spatiotemporal profile of the laser induced plasma.

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Section: Laser Irradiance Dependence Of Plasma Parameterssupporting

confidence: 58%

Spectroscopic investigations of the laser induced thallium plasma

et al. 2018

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“…Stockhausen et al [16] used a hollow cathode lamp to measure the photoionization cross section of the auto-ionizing lines of copper. In our earlier studies [17], the photoionization cross sections from the 2p 5 3p [1/2] 1 level at the 2p 5 2 P 1/2 ionization threshold was reported as 4.7 ± 0.6 Mb (1 Mb = 10 18 cm 2 ), from the 2p 5 3p [3/2] 2 level at 419.3 nm ionizing laser wavelength as 4.8 ± 1.0 Mb, and from the 2p 5 3p [5/2] 3 level at 399.1 nm ionizing laser wavelength as 5.7 ± 1.5 Mb. The prime motivation behind the present work was to measure the absolute value of the photoionization cross section from the 2p 5 3p [5/2] 3 level at the first ionization threshold, at a corresponding ionizing laser wavelength 411.99 nm.…”

Section: Measurements Of Photoionization Cross Sectionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Photoexcitation and photoionization from the2p53p[5/2]2,3
Baig
¹
,
Bokhari
²
,
Rafiq
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
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We present measurements of the excitation spectra from the 2p 5 3p [5/2] 3,2 levels in neon using two-step laser excitation and ionization in conjunction with an optogalvanic detection in dc and rf discharge cells. The 2p 5 3p [5/2] 3,2 intermediate levels have been approached via the collisionally populated 2p 5 3s [3/2] 2 metastable level. The Rydberg series 2p 5 ( 2 P 3/2 )nd [7/2] 4 (12 n 44), 2p 5 ( 2 P 3/2 )ns [3/2] 2 (13 n 35) and the parity forbidden transitions 2p 5 ( 2 P 3/2 )np [5/2] 3 (13 n 19) have been observed from the 2p 5 3p [5/2] 3 level, whereas the 2p 5 ( 2 P 3/2 )nd [7/2] 3 (12 n 44), 2p 5 ( 2 P 3/2 )ns [3/2] 2 (13 n 35), and 2p 5 ( 2 P 1/2 )nd [5/2] 3 (9 n 12) Rydberg series have been observed from the 2p 5 3p[5/2] 2 level in accordance with the J = K = ± 1 selection rules. The photoionization cross sections from the 2p 5 3p [5/2] 3 intermediate level have been measured at eight ionizing laser wavelengths (399, 395, 390, 385, 380, 370, 364, and 355 nm) and that from the 2p 5 3p [5/2] 2 level at 401.8 nm. These measurements are in excellent agreement with the experimental values reported in the literature, while the experimental data lie much below the theoretically calculated photoionization cross sections curve.

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“…Regarding the different properties of each of the mentioned particles, in order to measure their temperature, various methods are used. [2,3,4]. Similarly, to determine the level of temperature in plasma jet reactors, it is possible to use different methods.…”

Section: Plasma Temperature and Temperature Decreasing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal imaging of surfaces treated by cooled plasma jet

Krupski¹

2018

ELECTROTECHNICAL REVIEW

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This paper presents the review of methods of plasma temperature decreasing which is performed in atmospheric pressure plasma jet reactors. Special attention is given here to the solution with active cooling system which comprises gas processor and the area of plasma. Nonthermal properties are obtained inside a specifically constructed nozzle which, in this case, serves two functions-that of a zero-potential electrode and the one of an evaporator in a cooling circuit. The produced plasma has much lower temperature than the one produced in nozzle reactors without the cooling system. The experimental part of the paper contains thermal images which show the distribution of temperatures on a surface which is being subject to plasma treatment. Polymer and cellulose were both chosen as representative surfaces. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd metod obniżania temperatury plazmy wytwarzanej w reaktorach plazmowych z dyszą, pracujących przy ciśnieniu atmosferycznym. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono rozwiązaniu z aktywnym systemem chłodzenia, który obejmuje gaz procesowy i obszar plazmy. Nietermiczne właściwości, uzyskuje się wewnątrz specjalnie skonstruowanej dyszy, która w tym przypadku pełni równocześnie dwie funkcje: elektrody o potencjale zerowym, oraz parownika w obiegu chłodniczym. Wytwarzana w ten sposób plazma ma temperaturę znacznie niższą, niż powstająca w reaktorach dyszowych bez systemu chłodzenia. Część eksperymentalna artykułu zawiera termogramy obrazujące rozkład temperatur na powierzchni poddawanej obróbce plazmowej. Jako powierzchnie reprezentatywne wybrano popularny polimer oraz celulozę.. (Obrazowanie termowizyjne powierzchni plazmowanej przy użyciu chłodzonego reaktora plazmowego typu dyszowego).

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Measurements of electron density, temperature and photoionization cross sections of the excited states of neon in a discharge plasma

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Spectroscopic investigations of the laser induced thallium plasma

Spectroscopic investigations of the laser induced thallium plasma

Photoexcitation and photoionization from the2p53p[5/2]2,3
Baig
¹
,
Bokhari
²
,
Rafiq
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
Self Cite
6
0
2
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thermal imaging of surfaces treated by cooled plasma jet

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Measurements of electron density, temperature and photoionization cross sections of the excited states of neon in a discharge plasma

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Spectroscopic investigations of the laser induced thallium plasma

Spectroscopic investigations of the laser induced thallium plasma

Photoexcitation and photoionization from the2p53p[5/2]2,3Baig1, Bokhari2, Rafiq3 et al. 2011Phys. Rev. ASelf Cite6020View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Thermal imaging of surfaces treated by cooled plasma jet

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Photoexcitation and photoionization from the2p53p[5/2]2,3
Baig
¹
,
Bokhari
²
,
Rafiq
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
Self Cite
6
0
2
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite