Measurements of plasma temperature and electron density in laser-induced copper plasma by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion emissions

Unnikrishnan, V. K.; Alti, Kamlesh; Kartha, V. B.; Chidangil, Santhosh; Gupta, Govind P.; Suri, B. M.

doi:10.1007/s12043-010-0089-5

Cited by 150 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Therefore, the plasma temperature can be obtained from the slope of the Boltzmann plot without knowing the total number density NT or the partition function UT [32]. In other words, the intensity of spectral emitted lines is related to the corresponding energy level population of the plasma species [33]. In this work, the electron temperature was determined by using the Boltzmann plot method and the total intensity of the four nitrogen atomic lines was found in the spectral region between 859 and 872 nm of the C 6 H 6 LIBS spectrum.…”

Section: Electron Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of atomic lines and molecular bands of benzene and carbon disulfide liquids by using LIBS

et al. 2015

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Plasma emission of liquid benzene (C 6 H 6 ) and carbon disulfide (CS 2 ) have been studied by using the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique in air. Atomic lines of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen and molecular emissions of CN and C 2 have been identified. The formation mechanism of C 2 and CN molecules has been discussed. The combustion process and high mole fraction of hydrogen in benzene caused a decreasing atomic line intensity of oxygen and an increasing atomic line intensity of hydrogen with respect to the CS 2 and air. Additionally, more intense CN molecular bands and weak nitrogen atomic lines in the C 6 H 6 spectrum compared to CS 2 have been observed. Furthermore, molecular emissions of C 2 have not been observed in the CS 2 spectrum. The electron temperature and vibrational temperature have been calculated from the atomic lines and molecular band intensity, respectively. Finally, the validity of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) assumption in this experiment has been shown.

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Section: Electron Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of atomic lines and molecular bands of benzene and carbon disulfide liquids by using LIBS

et al. 2015

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“…The maximum attainable value of the ET was found at specific distance from the target surface, while the END accomplishes its highest value close to the surface. Unnikrishnan et al [29] studied the Cu plasma characteristics at 355 nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 6 ns at atmospheric pressure. The ET and END characterizing the plasma were measured by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion line emissions in the time window of 300-2000 ns.…”

Section: Electron Temperature and Electron Number Density (End And Et)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various researchers world wide have studied and reported effect of laser irradiation on Cu, Li, Zn, Al, Fe, Pb, Sn, Si and their alloy under ambient pressure, vacuum and using gases like argon and neon. They also studied the END and ET behavior at different laser harmonic, energy level and distances of target material from the laser irradiance by using ranges of spectroscopic methods [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. From last few decades, due to diverse applications as well as ease of utilization, relative simplicity, low cost and highshot-rate capability of laser driven material has became a very important field and the description of material in the form of ET and END has added a substantial curiosity in recent years for the understanding and utilization of these complex matter in daily life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of electron number density and temperature of laser-induced Silver plasma

Musadiq¹,

Iqbal

Amin³

et al. 2012

IJET

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Silver (Ag) plasma generated by second harmonics (532 nm) using Nd:YAG laser has been investigated at 17.6 mJ and 88.6 mJ energy level. The spatial behavior of the END and Electron Temperature (ET) was measured at ambient air pressures at different energy level and distance ranging from 0-4.5 mm form the target metal. The ET's were found to be varies from 17895 K to 10593 K, while END was found to be 2.229  10 15 to 6.44  10 14 cm -3 and 1.76  10 16 to 1.893  10 15 cm -3 for 17.6 mJ and 88.6 mJ energy, respectively. The relationship of END and ET found directly related to laser irradiance, while they were inverse to the distance from the target material surface to laser beam source.

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“…To determine the plasma temperature, we assume that local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) is achieved [24,25]. Examples of the Boltzmann plots of selected lines acquired with MA-LIBS and LIBS at 10 µs delay time are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of microwaves in the enhancement of laser-induced plasma emission

et al. 2016

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We studied experimentally the effect of microwaves (MWs) on the enhancement of plasma emission achieved by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). A laser plasma was generated on a calcium oxide pellet by a Nd:YAG laser (5 mJ, 532 nm, 8 ns) in reduced-pressure argon surrounding gas. A MW radiation (400 W) was injected into the laser plasma via a loop antenna placed immediately above the laser plasma to enhance the plasma emission. The results confirmed that when the electromagnetic field was introduced into the laser plasma region by the MWs, the lifetime of the plasma was extended from 50 to 500 µs, similar to the MW duration. Furthermore, the plasma temperature and electron density increased to approximately 10900 K and 1.5×10 18 cm −3 , respectively and the size of the plasma emission was extended to 15 mm in diameter. As a result, the emission intensity of Ca lines obtained using LIBS with MWs was enhanced by approximately 200 times compared to the case of LIBS without MWs.Keywords laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, LIBS, microwave-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, MA-LIBS, enhancement of laser plasma emission PACS numbers 42.62.Fi, 95.75.Fg,

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Measurements of plasma temperature and electron density in laser-induced copper plasma by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion emissions

Cited by 150 publications

References 10 publications

Identification of atomic lines and molecular bands of benzene and carbon disulfide liquids by using LIBS

Identification of atomic lines and molecular bands of benzene and carbon disulfide liquids by using LIBS

Measurement of electron number density and temperature of laser-induced Silver plasma

The role of microwaves in the enhancement of laser-induced plasma emission

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