Measurements of the severity of fires involving private motor vehicles

Shipp, Martin; Spearpoint, Michael

doi:10.1002/fam.810190307

Cited by 54 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Work on the fire behaviour of cars in car parks has been carried out in a number of countries using various configurations and numbers of cars and these are reported extensively in the literature [1, [3][4][5][6][7][8] a. Summary of statistics survey BRE has carried out a statistical analysis of fires in car parks in the UK.…”

Section: Fire Source: Source For Smoke and Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is largely based on a recent extensive full-scale experimental campaign with modern cars, with different set-ups [1]. However, fire development in car parks has been the subject of a number of experimental programmes over recent years [3][4][5][6][7][8]. These various experiments have examined the heat release rates and temperatures of individual modern cars and small numbers of cars parked in typical car park arrangements, some in test rigs intended to represent a car park.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Smoke and heat control for fires in large car parks: Lessons learnt from research?

Merci

Shipp

2013

Fire Safety Journal

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This paper focuses on car park fire safety, more particularly on fire and smoke (and heat) dynamics. The first part deals with the choice of design fire, based on recent full-scale car fire experiments with modern cars and different set-ups. Different aspects of smoke and heat control (SHC) systems are then discussed from the perspective of smoke (and heat) dynamics. The focus is mainly on the effect of horizontal mechanical ventilation, a popular technique, on the smoke and heat, generated by the fire source. Some fundamental differences from (longitudinal) mechanical ventilation in tunnels are described. Possible effects of water (sprinklers, water mist or from a fire brigade intervention), as well as some possible routes for further research, are briefly commented.

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Section: Fire Source: Source For Smoke and Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoke and heat control for fires in large car parks: Lessons learnt from research?

Merci

Shipp

2013

Fire Safety Journal

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“…Single vehicle fire tests by Steinert [10] yielded relatively low HRR, hence only Test 3 was shown to represent this work. The HRR curve for Maestro car by Shipp and Spearpoint [11] and the reference HRR curve by Schleich et al [9] show almost same peak HRR value (about 8 MW); this peak value is also higher than other tests shown in Figure 1. In fact, the Maestro car test involved fuel spill from the petrol tank and thus caused the relatively high HRR peak reached 10 minutes earlier than the reference HRR curve.…”

Section: Fire Severity Of Vehicle Firesmentioning

confidence: 59%

Analysis of Vehicle Fire Statistics in New Zealand Parking Buildings

Spearpoint

2007

Fire Technol

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The risk of fire in parking buildings is dependant on the probability of a fire occurring and the severity of the fire. This paper reviews the research data available on vehicle fires and suggests the severity of such a fire for a risk analysis. The paper then examines the historical data for vehicle fires in New Zealand parking buildings from 1995 to 2003 to determine the probability of the occurrence of such fires and the likelihood of multiple vehicle involvement. It is found that annual vehicle fire frequencies in parking buildings are generally lower than those in buildings of other occupancies but increases with the annual usage ratio.

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“…Various past experimental studies of single vehicle fires was done by Mangs and KeskiRahkonen (1994), Shipp and Spearpoint (1995), and Cheng and John (2002), for which the main objective was to determine heat release rate (HRR) of vehicle fires. Further investigations have been carried out in enclosed-basement fires, which focus on smoke movement (Hwang & Edwards, 2005;Vauquelin & Telle, 2005) and fire development (Ingason & Lonnermark, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Smoke Control in Underground Parking-garage Fires

Alianto¹,

Astari²,

Nareshwara³

et al. 2017

IJTech

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Smoke is the real threat in a fire in an enclosed, underground parking garage, and is a significant issue and very critical for firefighters dealing with fire. Special attention should be paid to fire safety, especially for those with multiple floors underground. A model of the smoke movement in a basement was established using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) 6.0 software. In this paper, the study undertaken used a basement model of 60 m (length) × 30 m (width) × 3 m (height) and has three typical floors. Smoke ventilation shafts were provided for the basement. A well-controlled liquid pool fire with a heat release rate (HRR) of 2 MW was used as an input parameter. The ventilation strategy was achieved through a mechanical exhaust fans and makeup air fans. The required ventilation was based on the air changing ten times per hour. The following parameters were varied: the location of the fire, the presence or absence of sprinklers, the presence or absence of a smoke-extraction system, the presence or absence of openings for incoming air, and the presence or absence of a jet fan and ducting. The impact of jet fans (induction type) was also addressed in several simulations. Smoke modeling was investigated under different fire scenarios. Simulations were conducted for smoke and heat control using forced, mechanical, horizontal ventilation. When the combination of a jet fan and ducting was applied, the fastest time for smoke removal was achieved compared to the other scenarios.

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Measurements of the severity of fires involving private motor vehicles

Cited by 54 publications

References 2 publications

Smoke and heat control for fires in large car parks: Lessons learnt from research?

Smoke and heat control for fires in large car parks: Lessons learnt from research?

Analysis of Vehicle Fire Statistics in New Zealand Parking Buildings

Modeling of Smoke Control in Underground Parking-garage Fires

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