Measurements of Ultra-Fast single photon counting chip with energy window and 75 μm pixel pitch with Si and CdTe detectors

Maj, P.; Gryboś, P.; Kasiński, Krzysztof; Kozioł, Anna; Krzyżanowska, Aleksandra; Kmon, Piotr; Szczygieł, R.; Żołądź, M.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/c03064

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With the aim of experimentally testing the proper functioning of the FTA, we have decided to use it on an existing HPCD prototype based on an UFXC32k chip [11][12][13].…”

Section: Experimental Results From the Fast Tuning Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those guiding principles are the subject of this study, which is aimed at introducing the development of an algorithm used for rapidly and efficiently finding the optimal operating parameters of HPCD prototypes. In order to demonstrate the speed and the efficiency of this algorithm, also called Fast-Tuning Algorithm (FTA), we decided to illustrate its working function through a model of hybrid pixels array, then through its application on a real HPCD prototype based on two UFXC32k chips [11][12][13].…”

Section: Jinst 17 C01026mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The UFXC32k chip is a single photon counting readout chip developed at AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków [11][12][13] that has been used for development of a hybrid pixel detectors at Synchrotron SOLEIL. In the framework of this study, we will focus on the following features of the UFXC32k chip:…”

Section: Ufxc32k Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pragmatic method for fast programming of hybrid photon counting detectors

Bacchi¹,

Dawiec²,

Orsini³

2022

J. Inst.

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It is now been over 15 years since Hybrid Photon Counting Detectors (HPCD) became one of the standard position-sensitive detectors for synchrotron light sources and X-ray detection applications. This is mainly due to their single-photon sensitivity over a high dynamic energy range and electronic noise suppression thanks to energy thresholding. To reach those performances, all HPCD pixels must feature the same electrical response against photons of the same energy. From the analysis of a monochromatic beam, in case of an ideal HPCD detector, it would be sufficient to apply a fixed voltage threshold among all pixels, positioned at half of the mean pulse amplitude to count every photon above the threshold. However, in practical cases, it must be considered that noise baselines from all pixels are not always strictly located at the same voltage level but can be spread over some voltage ranges. To address this kind of issue, most of all HPCDs apply a conventional threshold equalization method, that mainly relies on three steps; the setting of a global threshold at an arbitrary value, the identification of pixels noise baseline around that global threshold through an in-pixel threshold trimmer, and the computation of the required threshold offsets for setting all pixels at their own noise baseline at the same time. However, in case of a first-time use of an HPCD prototype, the threshold equalization might be biased by parameters that are wrongly set. Those biases can sometimes be characterized by the inability to localize some pixel noise baselines, which could be outside the voltage range of the threshold trimmer. The recovery of those biased pixels could be performed by changing the position of the global threshold, or by increasing the voltage range of the threshold trimmer. Unfortunately, both solutions could be time consuming due to the lack of information on the required steps for recovering all noise baselines. In order to overcome this issue in a reasonable time, this work introduces a pragmatic method that can be applied to HPCDs for an early and effective identification of appropriate pixels’ parameters, avoiding the need to test a high number of pixels configurations. The application of this method, at the early stage of the HPCD calibration, may drastically reduce the investigation time for finding the optimal operating parameters of HPCD prototypes.

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“…With the aim of experimentally testing the proper functioning of the FTA, we have decided to use it on an existing HPCD prototype based on an UFXC32k chip [11][12][13].…”

Section: Experimental Results From the Fast Tuning Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jinst 17 C01026mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pragmatic method for fast programming of hybrid photon counting detectors

Bacchi¹,

Dawiec²,

Orsini³

2022

J. Inst.

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“…The simulations performed have common assumptions derived from the previous experiments with a pixelated chip bonded to a sensor [8,14]. The charge spread between pixels was modelled with the Gaussian distribution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opto-Electronics Review

Krzyżanowska,

Szczygieł

2021

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Hybrid pixel radiation detectors with a direct photon-to-charge conversion working in a single photon counting mode have gained increasing attention due to their high dynamic range and noiseless imaging. Since sensors of different materials can be attached to readout electronics, they enable work with a wide range of photon energies. The charge-sharing effect observed in segmented devices, such as hybrid pixel detectors, is a phenomenon that deteriorates both spatial resolution and detection efficiency. Algorithms that allow the detection of a photon irrespective of the charge-sharing effect are proposed to overcome these limitations. However, the spatial resolution of the detector can be further improved beyond the resolution determined by the pixel size if information about the charge proportions collected by neighbouring pixels is used to approximate the interaction position. In the article, an approach to achieve a subpixel resolution in a hybrid pixel detector working in the single photon counting mode is described. Requirements and limitations of digital inter-pixel algorithms which can be implemented on-chip are studied. In the simulations, the factors influencing the detector resolution are evaluated, including size of a charge cloud, number of virtual pixel subdivisions, and detector parameters.

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“…This paper introduces a new algorithm suppressing the effects of charge sharing, which is designed to deal with a wide range of X-ray photon energies and allows energy classification. The article explain the algorithm operation, covers the simulation results and presents possible implementation in an integrated circuit [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern Recognition algorithm for charge sharing compensation in single photon counting pixel detectors

et al. 2019

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Thanks to the detector technology development based on high Z materials (GaAs, CdTe, CZT, etc.), the hybrid pixel detectors with direct photon-to-charge conversion become more and more popular, even in medical applications. Single photon counting systems aim at good position resolution, so making a pixel size smaller is a general tendency in such systems. However, for the detectors with pixel pitch of about 100 µm charge division effect becomes visible and it affects up to 20-30% of all interactions, depending on detector thickness and bias voltage. For the smaller pixel size this effect is even more pronounced. In this article we propose a new algorithm for charge sharing compensation -the Multithreshold Pattern Recognition algorithm. The algorithm was implemented in a readout circuit of pixel architecture with four energy thresholds, designed for operation with wide energy-range X-ray radiation. The simulation results and implementation details are presented in this paper.

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Measurements of Ultra-Fast single photon counting chip with energy window and 75 μm pixel pitch with Si and CdTe detectors

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Pragmatic method for fast programming of hybrid photon counting detectors

Pragmatic method for fast programming of hybrid photon counting detectors

Opto-Electronics Review

Pattern Recognition algorithm for charge sharing compensation in single photon counting pixel detectors

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