Measuring chemical heat production rates of biofuels by isothermal calorimetry for hazardous evaluation modelling

Wadsö, Lars

doi:10.1002/fam.936

Cited by 29 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For comparison Chen et al [4] found E = 90 ± 3 kJ/mol and QA = 3.19 × 10 11 W/kg for untreated sawdust. In another recent paper on wood pellets [25] it was found, by performing micro-calorimeter tests, that the apparent activation E varied from 60 to 80 kJ/mol. A comparison of the two methods' predictions of CAT at a given storage size is shown in Figures 11 and 12 for HP100 and for the 6 mm wood pellets.…”

Section: Crossing Point Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spontaneous ignition in storage and production lines: Investigation on wood pellets and protein powders

Pauner

Bygbjerg

2007

Fire and Materials

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SUMMARYThree materials were tested in small-scale baskets of cubic dimensions and analyses were performed based upon the results according to the Frank-Kamenetskii (FK) method and the crossing point (CP) method.Comparison of the FK method and the CP method results was performed additionally. The activation energy E and the QA value were found. The relationship between critical ambient temperature and the storage size was determined as well as the relationship between CAT and time to maximum thermal runaway for the materials. Frank-Kamenetskii; crossing point method; spontaneous ignition, self-heating; wood pellets, protein powders SCOPEThe purpose of the investigation was to find the behaviour of different materials with regard to igniting spontaneously and to investigate the usefulness of two general known methods i.e. the Frank-Kamenetskii (FK) method [1-3] and the crossing point (CP) method [4][5][6]. The underlying results are described in six reports issued by the Danish Institute of Fire and Security Technology (DBI) [7][8][9][10][11][12]. In three reports the results of the small-scale tests were compared to observations Hamlet Protein A/S, a producer of protein powders for the animal food industry, did during an incident in their drying process filter. In three reports the results of small-scale test were carried out for wood pellets.

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Section: Crossing Point Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spontaneous ignition in storage and production lines: Investigation on wood pellets and protein powders

Pauner

Bygbjerg

2007

Fire and Materials

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“…As a simple model, Eq. (2) was therefore used to express the heat release rate of low temperature oxidation of coal and biomass materials in calorimeters [21,23,24,26]. Such an approach [21] was followed here to do the kinetic analysis.…”

Section: Tga-dsc Test and Kinetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the heat evolution is one of the vital properties related to the self-heating, various thermal analysis methods have been developed to directly measure the heat effect and to derive the kinetics of the low temperature oxidation [18]. Among them differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) [19][20][21][22] and isothermal calorimetry [23][24][25][26] are widely employed. While DSC is applicable for the measurements at higher temperatures prior to ignition, isothermal calorimetry allows the measurements at much lower temperatures close to where the self-heating takes place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature oxidation and its kinetics of cornstalk chars

Fan

Sheng

2016

Fuel

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“…Oxidation processes require oxygen in order to continue. It has been shown that the oxidative degradation process is faster and therefore gives a greater heat in wood materials, which contain higher levels of lignin [2] and that the presence of metals increased oxidation [3]. The main factors affecting the temperature of a stack with a certain type of wood fuel are: the moisture content of the material, moisture gradient in the stack when piled up, stack size, and density of the material.…”

Section: Fire Risks Related To Waste Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Safety of Waste Storage

Lönnermark¹,

Persson²,

Blomqvist³

et al. 2017

Eco-Tech

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The EC Directive on landfill of waste and the development of different national regulations, together with the need and interest for biofuels, have resulted in more extensive handling and storage of these products. Calorific value and bulk density are for most fractions lower than for example oil, which translates into a further increase in volumes of fuel needed for a given amount of energy. Since the material is to be used as a high-grade fuel, higher requirements are placed on the storage technology. There will also probably be strong desire to place stocks in direct connection with for example a specific industry or co-generation plant, to minimize the need for transport. Overall, this means that very large production and handling facilities with large stocks will be required. These new types of storages also mean new types of risks. There is therefore a great need for knowledge on the risks for spontaneous ignition, fire characteristics, and risk for fire spread for these fuels and storages. If a fire occurs it can lead to significant problems with emissions and in many cases the rescue services have problems with handling these fires. These fires can also lead to large economic losses. It is, therefore, important to know both how to avoid and how to facilitate extinguishment of these fires. In the paper some trends regarding storage of waste are discussed together with the risks for self-heating and emissions. Experiences from real fires are presented and some existing guidelines for storage of waste are discussed.

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Measuring chemical heat production rates of biofuels by isothermal calorimetry for hazardous evaluation modelling

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Spontaneous ignition in storage and production lines: Investigation on wood pellets and protein powders

Spontaneous ignition in storage and production lines: Investigation on wood pellets and protein powders

Low temperature oxidation and its kinetics of cornstalk chars

Fire Safety of Waste Storage

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