2017
DOI: 10.3390/su9112012
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Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility in Gambling Industry: Multi-Items Stakeholder Based Scales

Abstract: Macau gambling companies included Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) information in their annual reports and websites as a marketing tool. Responsible Gambling (RG) had been a recurring issue in Macau's chief executive report since 2007 and in many of the major gambling operators' annual report. The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement scale on CSR activities in Macau. Items on the measurement scale were based on qualitative research with data collected from employees in Macau's gambling indus… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(23 citation statements)
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References 78 publications
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“…Based on this theoretical perspective, and in line with existing research [26][27][28][29][30], we have characterized CSR as a seven-dimensional construct including shareholders, employees, customers, farmers, the environment, community, and competition. Due to the special relevance that environmental issues have in the agri-food sector, we include, in line with some authors [26,[28][29][30], the environmental dimension, which contributes to offering a broader or holistic view of the phenomenon.…”
Section: Csr As a Multidimensional Phenomenon: Approaches And Conceptmentioning
confidence: 93%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Based on this theoretical perspective, and in line with existing research [26][27][28][29][30], we have characterized CSR as a seven-dimensional construct including shareholders, employees, customers, farmers, the environment, community, and competition. Due to the special relevance that environmental issues have in the agri-food sector, we include, in line with some authors [26,[28][29][30], the environmental dimension, which contributes to offering a broader or holistic view of the phenomenon.…”
Section: Csr As a Multidimensional Phenomenon: Approaches And Conceptmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…CSR was measured using scales of multiple items adapted from those used by Öberderser et al [26]; Dopico [27]; Luo et al [28]; Turker [29]; and Fatma et al [30]. We measure FP using a scale adapted from those used by Kandemir et al [101]; Delgado and Gallardo [62]; and Calantone et al [102].…”
Section: Measurementmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The source of power from the environment comes in the form of group concerns (Luo et al, 2017). These groups demand companies to regenerate the Earth that has been damaged by companies in meeting operational needs (Rudyanto & Siregar, 2018).…”
Section: Environmental Pressurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second, the recent research also shifts the attention more toward the further deconstruction of CSR. From the perspective of content and motivation of CSR, extant studies mainly divide CSR into internal vs. external CSR and mandatory vs. voluntary CSR, and their respective impact on firms and society (Luo et al, 2007 ). Specifically, we are concerned in this paper with internal vs. external CSR based on the stakeholder theory, which holds a unique perspective of the organizations and offers a diverse description of the everyday actions of a firm (Sulkowski et al, 2018 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%