Measuring health-related quality of life in adolescents and young adults: Swedish normative data for the SF-36 and the HADS, and the influence of age, gender, and method of administration

Jörngården, Anna; Wettergen, Lena; Essén, Louise von

doi:10.1186/1477-7525-4-91

Cited by 174 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Post-stroke fatigue was defined as FSS score C5 [21]. Post-stroke depression was defined as HADSD C11 [11]. FSS was chosen because it has been validated in stroke patients [22].…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-stroke pain on long-term follow-up: the Bergen stroke study

et al. 2010

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The objective of this study is to evaluate characteristics and mortality related to long-term post-stroke pain (PSP). All surviving stroke patients admitted to the Stroke Unit, Haukeland University Hospital, between February 2006 and July 2009 received a postal questionnaire including the fatigue severity scale (FSS), the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADSD), the Barthel index (BI), and questions regarding location of pain and pain severity at least 6 months after onset of stroke. Survival among patients returning the questionnaire was determined by November 2009. Stroke severity was defined by the modified Rankin score (mRS), 7 days after stroke onset. About 30% of the 408 patients had moderate to severe PSP. On logistic regression, PSP was associated with females (odds ratio (OR) = 2.1, p = 0.002), lower age (OR = 0.98, p = 0.04), fatigue (OR = 3.1, p < 0.001), sleep disturbances (OR = 3.3, p < 0.001), and mRS 3-5 (OR = 1.9, p = 0.03). Among patients with pareses (persistent or transient), there was no difference between paretic and non-paretic side as to frequency of limb pain on follow-up (p = 0.91). By November 2009, 26 patients had died. Cox regression analysis showed that mortality was associated with PSP (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.4, p = 0.040), high age (HR = 1.07, p = 0.001), males (HR = 2.5, p = 0.04), and low BI (HR = 0.97, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our study indicates a multifactorial basis for post-stroke pain. The main new findings were that the frequencies of pain were similar in paretic and non-paretic limbs and that long-term mortality was associated with post-stroke pain.

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“…Post-stroke fatigue was defined as FSS score C5 [21]. Post-stroke depression was defined as HADSD C11 [11]. FSS was chosen because it has been validated in stroke patients [22].…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-stroke pain on long-term follow-up: the Bergen stroke study

et al. 2010

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“…Poststroke fatigue was defined as FSS score ≥5 [18,19]. Poststroke depression was defined as HADS-D ≥8 [20]. Poststroke pain was defined as VAS score >0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Triad of Pain, Fatigue and Depression in Ischemic Stroke Patients: The Bergen Stroke Study

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Brøgger³

2012

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: Many patients with cerebral infarction suffer from symptoms such as pain, fatigue and depression. Most studies focus on single symptoms, but these symptoms often occur together. Whereas symptom clusters have been studied in cancer patients, little is known about different symptom clusters in patients with cerebral infarction. The aim was to evaluate clusters of co-occurring symptoms in the long term. We hypothesized that patients with cerebral infarction display distinct symptom clusters. Furthermore, we hypothesized that multiple co-occurring symptoms have an adverse effect on patients. Methods: All consecutive patients with acute stroke (the index stroke) admitted to the Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, between February 2006 and July 2008, were prospectively registered in a database. Prior risk factors (including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation and prior stroke), prior depression and stroke severity (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on day 7) were registered. Patients with cerebral infarction were sent a questionnaire including a visual analogue pain scale (VAS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety, Depression Scale (HADS-D) and Barthel Index at least 6 months after stroke onset. Results: The questionnaire was returned by 328 patients (response rate 60%). All three symptoms were reported by 10.1%. Pain and fatigue among nondepressed patients were reported by 19.6%. Pain and depression among nonfatigued patients were reported by 2.0%. Depression and fatigue, and no pain were reported by 4.4%. Single symptoms were reported by 31% whereas 33% reported no symptoms. VAS, FSS and HADS-D score severity increased with the number of co-occurring symptoms. Logistic regression analyses showed that two or three symptoms (versus no symptoms) was associated with high mRS score on day 7 (p = 0.02), prior stroke (p = 0.002), prior diabetes mellitus (p = 0.005) and prior depression (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Symptom clusters are frequent in patients with cerebral infarction. Fatigue was associated with pain and depression whereas there was little association between depression and pain in nonfatigue patients, indicating distinct symptom clusters. The severity of symptoms increased with the number of co-occurring symptoms.

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“…It seems imperative to somewhat change the curriculum for the nurse and physician education to include education in assessing patients' needs and coping resources and possibly also in methods aiming at meeting these needs. The strengths of the present study are the use of matched pairs, the short time period between adolescent and staff ratings, selection of a situation that was equal for all participants, i.e., a short time after diagnosis, and the procedure to collect data via telephone which possibly resulted in a higher response rate than self-administered questionnaires would have [25]. Adolescent self-reports are regarded as the gold standard against which staff ratings were compared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%