Measuring National Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Tourism as a Key Step Towards Achieving Sustainable Tourism

Becken, Susanne; Patterson, Murray

doi:10.2167/jost547.0

Cited by 263 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, as the debate over climate change and global warming has demonstrated, greenhouse gas emissions result in global consequences to the detriment of all destinations. It is true that increasingly attention is being turned to the sustainability of tourism transportation systems (Becken, 2006;Becken & Patterson, 2006). Tourism transportation does not occur in isolation from other tourism activities, and so there is a need for research in this area to examine environmental impacts in an integrated fashion (Patterson, Bastianoni & Simpson, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-friendly Tourists: What Do We Really Know About Them?

Dolničar

Crouch

Long

2008

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

249

170

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Sustainable tourism and ecotourism have now been researched in depth for some years. This paper highlights that researchers still have only a limited understanding of what tourist behaviour can be considered as sustainable, and little consensus about who environment-friendly tourists (EFTs) actually are. This study reviews theoretical and empirical studies by tourism researchers, and explores work done on environmentfriendly behaviour in other disciplines. Results indicate that operationalisations of EFTs are inconsistent and, at times, do not ensure that EFTs are actually studied, thus jeopardising the quality of cumulative knowledge on this critical issue. There is little insight into who EFTs are. Suggestions for future work are made, which would develop more reliable and generalisable insights into EFT profiles. There is little insight into who EFTs are. Suggestions for future work are made which would develop more reliable and generalisable insights into EFT profiles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-friendly Tourists: What Do We Really Know About Them?

Dolničar

Crouch

Long

2008

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

249

170

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“…Effective mitigation is dependent on accurate and complete assessments of the effects of various tourism factors and specific products on carbon emissions [6]. However, the responsibility of China's tourism industry with regard to carbon emissions and the potential for emission reduction is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To protect the normal operation of tourism activities, indirect consumption must be maintained between 25% and 65%. For example, the indirect carbon emissions from New Zealand and Australia's tourism industries stand at 46% and 52% of the total carbon emissions of their tourism industries, respectively [6,7]. As a result, research on the indirect carbon emissions of tourism consumption can help provide a complete and objective understanding of the carbon emissions problems caused by energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Household Survey Data as a Tool to Assess the Carbon Footprint of Rural Tourist Accommodation and Related Services in China: A Case Study of Mount Qingcheng

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The need to improve the accuracy of carbon emission measurements is a major issue which the tourism industry must resolve in order to reduce adverse impacts on climate change and the environment. This study established a detailed consumption list based on household survey data and calculated the carbon emissions of accommodation and services of the rural tourism industry of Mount Qingcheng using the input-output and lifecycle methods. Further, it analysed the key factors affecting carbon emissions. The results indicate that within the surveyed area, carbon emissions from accommodation and services amounted to 30.27 kg CO 2 /per person per day; these emissions were primarily from indirect sources, which accounted for 74.99% of the total emissions. Emissions from construction and production of durable goods accounted for 13.08% and 21.58% of the total emissions. The omission of these sources of carbon emissions was the primary reason for the carbon emission levels of the tourism industry being underestimated previously. For each additional 10,000 yuan in revenue, accommodation and related services of the rural tourism industry emit an additional 1412.08 kg of CO 2 . This is higher than the level of carbon emissions of the agriculture industry, but lower than those of the processing and manufacturing industries. Tourist consumption behaviours and types of tourism operations are important factors affecting carbon emissions. Effective emission reduction strategies include guiding tourist consumption behavioural changes, optimizing tourism operation portfolios, and extending the service life of constructions and durable goods.

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“…The concepts of eco-efficiency (Becken & Patterson, 2006;Gössling et al, 2005) and sustainable yield (Becken & Simmons, 2008;Lundie, Dwyer, & Forsyth, 2007;Northcote & Macbeth, 2006) have succeeded in advancing the traditional economic measures of tourism yield to account for environmental impacts, including water use (Lundie et al, 2007;Sun & Pratt, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive framework for comparing water use intensity across different tourist types

Hadjikakou

Miller

Chenoweth

et al. 2015

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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Tourism products vary in their direct and indirect (supply chain) water use, as well as their economic contribution. Hence, water-scarce destinations require a method to estimate and compare water use intensity (water use in relation to economic output) for different kinds of tourist products in order to optimise their tourism offering. The present study develops an original framework that integrates segmentation with an Environmentally Extended InputOutput (EEIO) framework based on detailed tourism expenditure data and Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSAs) in order to quantify the total (direct and indirect) economic impact and water use for multiple tourism segments. To demonstrate the rigour of the methodology it is applied to the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus as a case study. The results show that cheaper forms of tourism tend to have a significantly lower total water use and, depending on the economic impact indicator of interest, may have above-average economic contribution per unit of expenditure. The proposed framework provides a significant step towards achieving sustainable water use through destination-specific estimates of water use intensity which take into consideration segment-specific attributes. It is envisaged that this could eventually lead to customised interventions for diverse tourism market segments.

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Measuring National Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Tourism as a Key Step Towards Achieving Sustainable Tourism

Cited by 263 publications

References 10 publications

Environment-friendly Tourists: What Do We Really Know About Them?

Environment-friendly Tourists: What Do We Really Know About Them?

Use of Household Survey Data as a Tool to Assess the Carbon Footprint of Rural Tourist Accommodation and Related Services in China: A Case Study of Mount Qingcheng

A comprehensive framework for comparing water use intensity across different tourist types

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