“…The Monte Carlo simulations can be used in risk assessment efforts to enable safety professionals to select better decisions, provide probabilistic estimates for placing risks into the matrix or plot based on the probability and intensity of a potential event, recognize hazard-producing process stages driving undesirable variation, predict food quality in later phases of the process, and product changes, etc. The best examples of this research are studies about baby food ( Moazzen, Shariatifar, Arabameri, Hosseini, & Ahmadloo, 2022 ), edible mushrooms ( Shariatifar, Moazzen, Arabameri, Moazzen, Khaniki, & Sadighara, 2021 ), yogurt and butter ( Kiani, et al, 2021 ), tea and coffee samples ( Roudbari, et al, 2021 ), non-dioxin like-polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs) in samples of butter ( Yaminifar, Aeenehvand, Ghelichkhani, Ahmadloo, Arabameri, Moazzen, et al, 2021 ), milk and milk powder ( Shariatifar, Dadgar, Fakhri, Shahsavari, Moazzen, Ahmadloo, et al, 2020 ), acrylamide of nuggets ( Seilani, Shariatifar, Nazmara, Khaniki, Sadighara, & Arabameri, 2021 ), pesticide of pistachio ( Arabameri, Mohammadi Moghadam, Monjazeb Marvdashti, Mehdinia, Abdolshahi, & Dezianian, 2020 ),cereal products ( Khalili, Shariatifar, Dehghani, Yaghmaeian, Nodehi, Yaseri, et al, 2022 ), heavy metals in fruit juices ( Karami, Shariatifar, Khaniki, Nazmara, Arabameri, & Alimohammadi, 2021 ), sulfur dioxide of raisins ( Saghafi, Shariatifar, Alizadeh Sani, Dogaheh, Khaniki, & Arabameri, 2021 ). In this study, the ILCR for the adults and children was computed based on Monte Carlo simulation; BaPeq was used as an indicator in the ILCR models.…”