Measuring the rate-dependent mode I fracture toughness of composites – A review

May, Michaël

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.10.033

Cited by 109 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In addition, the load cell is connected to the stationary arm of the testing machine, as close to the specimen as possible. This measure has been suggested in some other high rate experimental studies to further reduce possible inherent dynamic effects [1]. The applied loads and displacements were recorded by a data acquisition unit.…”

Section: Test Method Data Acquisition and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the initiation value of G IC at quasistatic and low-rate tests has been determined based on the NL point method. Classical data reduction methods are reported to be capable of providing reliable results for the analysis of DCB tests conducted at intermediate loading rates [1]. In the present study, the mode-I interlaminar strain energy release rate was calculated based on the modified beam theory as described in ASTM D5528.…”

Section: Test Method Data Acquisition and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The loading rate dependency of delamination growth has been investigated in several research works reviewed by May [1]. Experiments on double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens were standardized for mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness (G IC ) characterization of fiber-reinforced plastics under quasi-static loads [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Loading rate effects on mode-I delamination in glass/epoxy and glass/CNF/epoxy laminated composites

Ekhtiyari

Shokrieh

Alderliesten

2020

Engineering Fracture Mechanics

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The main objective of the present study is to assess the loading rate effects on mode-I delamination growth in glass/epoxy laminated composites. Furthermore, hybrid reinforcement of these composites by incorporating carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was followed to enhance the interlaminar fracture resistance and affect its loading rate sensitivity. Experiments on DCB specimens made of glass/epoxy and glass/CNF/epoxy laminated composites were conducted by varying the loading rate from standard quasi-static testing up to 200 mm/sec crosshead speed in a servo-hydraulic test machine. More than 21% decrease was observed in the propagation fracture toughness of the glass/epoxy samples due to loading rate elevation in the studied range. Moreover, the results of the present study clearly show the benefits of CNF modification, not only in enhancing the fracture toughness but also in reducing the loading rate dependency. Adding CNFs to glass/epoxy composites caused 32.8% and 13.5% increase in the quasi-static values of the initiation-and propagation-interlaminar fracture toughness (G IC), respectively. Also, owing to CNF incorporation, the maximum drop in the propagation fracture toughness at elevated loading rates was decreased to 8%. Fractography inspections were performed to provide an in-depth explanation for the observed loading rate effects and the advantages of CNF reinforcement.

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Section: Test Method Data Acquisition and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Method Data Acquisition and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Loading rate effects on mode-I delamination in glass/epoxy and glass/CNF/epoxy laminated composites

Ekhtiyari

Shokrieh

Alderliesten

2020

Engineering Fracture Mechanics

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“…Over the last decade, several experimental studies were conducted to measure the high rate interlaminar fracture toughness using different test approaches that include several DCB-based configurations, compact tension and compression, planar plate impact and edge notched specimens. A comprehensive review of different approaches for measuring rate-dependent Mode-I interlaminar toughness can be found in [1]. Some common drawbacks of several test methods are the iner- * e-mail: sathis.ponnusami@eng.ox.ac.uk tial effects and the unsymmetrical opening of the cracks at high loading rate which leads to a mixed-mode fracture condition instead of being purely Mode-I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the high rate testing, it is not feasible to use the standard DCB configuration because of technical difficulties in using the load application methodology, during which the inertial effects induce an unsymmetrical crack propagation. To overcome the above limitation, an alternative DCB test configuration has been proposed in the literature [1]. A wedge-loaded DCB in a Hopkinson Bar or drop tower impact set-up is found to be suitable for inducing a pure Mode-I crack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wedge-DCB Test Methodology to Characterise High Rate Mode-I Interlaminar Fracture Properties of Fibre Composites

et al. 2018

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A combined numerical-experimental methodology is presented to measure dynamic Mode-I fracture properties of fiber reinforced composites. A modified wedge-DCB test using a Split-Hopkinson Bar technique along with cohesive zone modelling is utilised for this purpose. Three different comparison metrics, namely, strain-displacement response, crack propagation history and crack opening history are employed in order to extract unique values for the cohesive fracture properties of the delaminating interface. More importantly, the complexity of dealing with the frictional effects between the wedge and the DCB specimen is effectively circumvented by utilising right acquisition techniques combined with an inverse numerical modelling procedure. The proposed methodology is applied to extract the high rate interlaminar fracture properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites and it is further shown that a high level of confidence in the calibrated data can be established by adopting the proposed methodology.

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Material Design and Device Fabrication Strategies for Stretchable Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Recent advances in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have greatly enhanced their commercial viability. Considering the technical standards (e.g., mechanical robustness) required for wearable electronics, which are promising application platforms for OSCs, the development of fully stretchable OSCs (f‐SOSCs) should be accelerated. Here, a comprehensive overview of f‐SOSCs, which are aimed to reliably operate under various forms of mechanical stress, including bending and multidirectional stretching, is provided. First, the mechanical requirements of f‐SOSCs, in terms of tensile and cohesion/adhesion properties, are summarized along with the experimental methods to evaluate those properties. Second, essential studies to make each layer of f‐SOSCs stretchable and efficient are discussed, emphasizing strategies to simultaneously enhance the photovoltaic and mechanical properties of the active layer, ranging from material design to fabrication control. Key improvements to the other components/layers (i.e., substrate, electrodes, and interlayers) are also covered. Lastly, considering that f‐SOSC research is in its infancy, the current challenges and future prospects are explored.

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Measuring the rate-dependent mode I fracture toughness of composites – A review

Cited by 109 publications

References 95 publications

Loading rate effects on mode-I delamination in glass/epoxy and glass/CNF/epoxy laminated composites

Loading rate effects on mode-I delamination in glass/epoxy and glass/CNF/epoxy laminated composites

A Wedge-DCB Test Methodology to Characterise High Rate Mode-I Interlaminar Fracture Properties of Fibre Composites

Material Design and Device Fabrication Strategies for Stretchable Organic Solar Cells

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