Measuring the speed of gravitational waves from the first and second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

Liu, Xiaoshu; He, Vincent F.; Mikulski, Timothy M.; Palenova, Daria; Williams, Claire E.; Creighton, J. D. E.; Tasson, J. D.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.102.024028

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…More generally, once strongly lensed pairs of events can be identified, joint parameter inference on the combined images (as introduced in this paper and independently by [53,54]) can significantly improve estimates of the source properties and location [59]. Hence, our approach is a key contribution toward the discovery of lensed GWs, which will advance our understanding of both cosmology and high-redshift black hole populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…A similar approach of "joint parameter estimation" on candidate pairs of lensed events was previously suggested in the context of space-based GW observations by [52] and for the case of LIGO-Virgo observations similar methods have been developed independently [53,54], based on the LALInference and bilby parameter estimation packages [55,56].…”

Section: E Lensed Events or Separate Gravitational-wave Signals?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Search for strongly lensed counterpart images of binary black hole mergers in the first two LIGO observing runs

et al. 2020

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Strong gravitational lensing can produce multiple images of the same gravitational-wave signal, each arriving at different times and with different magnification. Previous work has explored if lensed pairs exist among the known high-significance events from the LIGO and Virgo Collaboration's GWTC-1 catalog and found no evidence of this. However, the possibility remains that weaker counterparts of these events are present in the data, unrecovered by previous searches. We conduct a targeted search specifically looking for subthreshold lensed images of known binary black hole (BBH) observations from GWTC-1. We recover candidates matching three of the additional events first reported by Venumadhav et al. [Phys. Rev. D 101, 083030 (2020)] but find no evidence for additional BBH events. We also find no evidence that any of the Venumadhav et al. observations are lensed counterparts. We demonstrate how this type of counterpart search can constrain hypotheses about the overall source and lens populations and we rule out at very high confidence the extreme hypothesis that all heavy BBH detections are in fact lensed systems at high redshift with intrinsic masses <15 M ⊙ .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: E Lensed Events or Separate Gravitational-wave Signals?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for strongly lensed counterpart images of binary black hole mergers in the first two LIGO observing runs

et al. 2020

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“…. (48) where the sky location of the source (θ, φ) appears. The coefficients are taken as expressed in the SCF in this expression.…”

Section: Implementation Of the Modified Waveformmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements of simultaneous gravitational and electromagnetic radiation have yielded limits on certain types of Lorentz violation in gravity versus light [47]. Recent work has begun to look at the available GW catalog to place constraints on coefficients describing Lorentz violation for gravity [48][49][50]. Additionally, closely related searches for parameterizations of deviations from General Relativity have been completed [3,4,24,51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Birefringence and Dispersion Effects from Spacetime-Symmetry Breaking in Gravitational Waves

et al. 2021

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In this work, we review the effective field theory framework to search for Lorentz and CPT symmetry breaking during the propagation of gravitational waves. The article is written so as to bridge the gap between the theory of spacetime-symmetry breaking and the analysis of gravitational-wave signals detected by ground-based interferometers. The primary physical effects beyond General Relativity that we explore here are dispersion and birefringence of gravitational waves. We discuss their implementation in the open-source LIGO-Virgo algorithm library suite, and we discuss the statistical method used to perform a Bayesian inference of the posterior probability of the coefficients for symmetry-breaking. We present preliminary results of this work in the form of simulations of modified gravitational waveforms, together with sensitivity studies of the measurements of the coefficients for Lorentz and CPT violation. The findings show the high potential of gravitational wave sources across the sky to sensitively probe for these signals of new physics.

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“…Current detectors are not sensitive enough to probe the Universe at cosmological distances, not more than z ≲ 1. But, certainly, some promising projects like ET, CE and LISA will be able to detect GW events with great accuracy at cosmological distances and provide information for powerful cosmological tests [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for modified gravity in the astrophysical gravitational wave background: Application to ground-based interferometers

Nunes

2020

Phys. Rev. D

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We investigate how the propagation of an astrophysical gravitational wave background (AGWB) is modified over cosmological volumes when considering theories beyond general relativity of the type Horndeski gravity. We first deduce an amplitude correction on the AGWB induced for the presence of a possible running in the Planck mass. Then, we apply the spectral noise density from some ground-based interferometers, namely, the Advanced LIGO (aLIGO), Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explore (CE), to evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio as a function of the amplitude of the running of the Planck mass for two different scenarios. We find that for observation time period ≳5 yrs and ≳1 yr, we can have a significant signal of the AGWB in the band [1-100] Hz from the ET and CE sensitivity, respectively. Finally, using Fisher information, we find some forecast bounds, and we deduce ≲27% and ≲18% correction at 1σ confidence level on the amplitude of the running of the Planck mass from ET and CE, respectively. It is clear that a detection of a AGWB in the future can open a new window to probe the nature of gravity with good accuracy.

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Measuring the speed of gravitational waves from the first and second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

Cited by 27 publications

References 42 publications

Search for strongly lensed counterpart images of binary black hole mergers in the first two LIGO observing runs

Search for strongly lensed counterpart images of binary black hole mergers in the first two LIGO observing runs

Analysis of Birefringence and Dispersion Effects from Spacetime-Symmetry Breaking in Gravitational Waves

Searching for modified gravity in the astrophysical gravitational wave background: Application to ground-based interferometers

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