Measuring the wavelength-dependent divergence of transmission through sub-wavelength hole-arrays by spectral imaging

Docter, M.W.; Young, Ian T.; Piciu, O.M.; Bossche, A.; Alkemade, P.F.A.; Berg, Peter; Garini, Yuval

doi:10.1364/oe.14.009477

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Although the authors are looking for a decrease in the observation volume, they demonstrate that the small aperture: In the paper on extraordinary optical transmission by Ebbesen et al [169], not only does each hole have a peculiar electromagnetic field distribution [179] but the periodicity of the holes also plays a role [180][181][182] as well as the scattering of the surface plasmon [183]. Because of the periodicity of the holes on the metal surface, the extension of the confinement of the electric field perpendicular to the metal surface (in the direction of Oz) can be several micrometres long, giving rise to multiple high intensity wheels [184]. These can be used as multiple subwavelength sources to increase the speed and sensitivity of fluorescence detection.…”

Section: Nanoholesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface enhanced fluorescence

Fort

Grésillon

2007

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

658

510

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Fluorescence is widely used in optical devices, microscopy imaging, biology, medical research and diagnosis. Improving fluorescence sensitivity, all the way to the limit of single-molecular detection needed in many applications, remains a great challenge. The technique of surface enhanced fluorescence (SEF) is based upon the design of surfaces in the vicinity of the emitter. SEF yields an overall improvement in the fluorescence detection efficiency through modification and control of the local electromagnetic environment of the emitter. Near-field coupling between the emitter and surface modes plays a crucial role in SEF. In particular, plasmonic surfaces with localized and propagating surface plasmons are efficient SEF substrates. Recent progress in tailoring surfaces at the nanometre scale extends greatly the realm of SEF applications. This review focuses on the recent advances in the different mechanisms involved in SEF, in each case highlighting the most relevant applications.

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Section: Nanoholesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface enhanced fluorescence

Fort

Grésillon

2007

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

658

510

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“…To optically characterize the sub-wavelength hole arrays, the intensity of white light through the fabricated configurations is measured. Collimated illumination, which means perpendicular incidence on the array, is used in an upright optical microscope (Leica DM-RXA), similar to the optical characterizations in [14]. The detection is done with a Spectra-Cube (Applied Spectral Imaging), which provides both spectral and spatial information.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and optical characterization of nano-hole arrays in gold and gold/palladium films on glass

Piciu

Docter

Krogt

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part N:

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This paper reports on the improved fabrication process and the optical characterization of different nano-hole arrays in thin metal films that are to be integrated into a novel atto-litre titre plate device for high-speed molecular analysis, such as DNA hybridizations and protein immunoassays. The optical detection is based on the enhanced optical transmission that was recently discovered when light passes through periodically distributed sub-wavelength apertures in optically thick metal films. The transmitted light has also small angular diffraction and well-defined spectral features. Using electron-beam (e-beam) lithography (EBL) and lift-off technique, various array structures with hole diameters ranging between 100 nm and 200 nm and different pitches were fabricated in a 200-nm thick layer of gold (Au), palladium (Pd), and gold/palladium (Au/Pd = 60/40) alloy on glass. Introducing Pd to Au, the grain size of the material is decreased, getting a more well-defined shape of the holes. The transmitted spectrum was measured through periodically and randomly distributed nano-holes in Au. Transmitted spectra were compared as well through similar subwavelength hole arrays in Au, Pd, and Au/Pd alloy. Moreover, the fluorescence of Rhodamine G6 (0.05 µM) was measured when using the transmitted light through periodical cavities in Au as the illumination source. It reveals a nine-fold increase in the fluorescent signal.

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“…Extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) through metallic hole grating was first reported by Ebbesen et al in 1998 [1], since then, it has gained a great attention for its widely potential applications in fields such as selective filters, polarizing elements [2,3], microscopy [4,5], and so on. Mostly, the under physical mechanism is attributed to the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) propagating along a metaldielectric surface with an exponentially decaying field in both neighboring media [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%