Mechanical and swelling characterization of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide -co- methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) sol–gels

Influence of Poly (Ethylene Glycol) on the Characteristics of γ Radiation-Crosslinked Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone)-Low Molecular Weight Chitosan Network Hydrogels

“…temperature and at 37.0°C + 2.0°C for 2 h. Syneresis is a condition whenever hydrogel expels water spontaneously and over the time it will become stiffer due to the loss of water in its matrix (Divoux et al 2015;Pollock & Healy 2010). According to the previous studies done, syneresis of hydrogels are influenced by many factors, such as solvent quality, presence of salt, temperature, humidity, hydrogels' network density, composition of polymers as well as the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the polymers (Ako 2015;Divoux et al 2015;Kruif et al 2015;Meena et al 2009;Pollock & Healy 2010;Simões et al 2012).…”

“…According to the previous studies done, syneresis of hydrogels are influenced by many factors, such as solvent quality, presence of salt, temperature, humidity, hydrogels' network density, composition of polymers as well as the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the polymers (Ako 2015;Divoux et al 2015;Kruif et al 2015;Meena et al 2009;Pollock & Healy 2010;Simões et al 2012).…”

“…This hygroscopic polymer is also able to attract and absorb moisture from the environmanet to retain its moisture. The addition of PEG also increases the porosity of the hydrogel network (Meena et al 2009;Pollock & Healy 2010). PEG reduces gel fraction of the hydrogel.…”

“…Conventionally, crosslink networks of hydrogels are prepared by chemical reaction with the presence of crosslinker such as gluteraldehyde and epoxides (Dergunov et al 2005;Yang et al 2010). Due the toxicity issue, the chemical crosslinker are unfavourable in biomaterials preparation (Pollock & Healy 2010). There are natural crosslinkers for instance genipin which is safer and biocompatible.…”

Injectable hydrogels

“…These formulations are typically designed to provide prolonged activity from a single administration, reducing risks associated with patient compliance. Because the size and shape of an injectable hydrogel is determined by its local environment, 28 good interfacial contact is usually achieved between the hydrogel and the nearby tissue, 29 allowing for drug to elute directly into the local tissue and, in some cases, facilitating healing. Further, injectable and degradable materials allow for easy delivery of additional doses to the same site.…”