Mechanical and thermal analysis of the internal combustion engine piston using Ansys

Abstract

In engines pistons are very important parts to produce power. Piston fail mainly due to mechanical stresses and thermal stresses. An analysis of thermal stress and damages due to application of temperature is presented and analysed in this work. Aluminium alloy have been selected for thermal analysis of piston. Results are shown and a comparison is made to find the most suited design Analysis of piston crown is done with boundary conditions, which includes pressure on piston head during working condition and uneven temperature distribution from piston head to skirt. There are four types of piston crown that has been analysed in this project. The CAD model is created using CATIA software. CAD model is then imported into ANSYS software for geometry and meshing purpose. Complete design is imported to ANSYS 15 software then analysis is performed. I. INTRODUCTION The modern trend is to develop IC Engine of increased power capacity. One of the design criteria is the endeavor to reduce the structures weight and thus to reduce fuel consumption. This has been made possible by improved engine design. These improvements include increased use of lightweight materials, such as advanced ultra-high tensile strength steels, aluminum and magnesium alloys, polymers, and carbon-fiber reinforced composite materials. The integration of lighter weight materials is especially important if more complex parts can be manufactured as a single unit. In the next 10-20 years, an additional 20-40% reduction in overall weight, without sacrificing safety, seems to be possible. Withstand loads tending to elongate. In other words, compressive strength resists compression. Compressive strength is often measured by universal testing machine. In this work Eutectic Al Alloy (Si 11-13%) was taken as piston material. Initially thermal and structural analysis was performed on Al Alloy piston without silicon nitride crown and then with silicon nitride crown using the software ANSYS. Then the results obtained are compared. The comparison of results indicated that the piston which is arranged by silicon nitride crown is better to withstand high thermal and structural stresses than the piston which is not arranged by silicon nitride crown. The present work has been undertaken with the following objective, To design an IC engine (piston and piston ring) by using CATIA V5 R20 software, To perform the thermal analysis (of piston and piston ring) using ANSYS 15 software. Engine pistons are one of the most complex components among all automotive and other industry field components. The engine can be called the heart of a vehicle and the piston may be considered the most important part of an engine. There are lots of research works proposing, for engine pistons, new geometries, materials and manufacturing techniques, and this evolution has undergone with a continuous improvement over the last decades and required thorough examination of the smallest details. Notwithstanding all these studies, there are a huge number of damaged pistons. In this analysis project we...

Numerical Thermo-Mechanical Strength Analysis of an IC Engine Component

“…5 for dome and flat shape faced piston failures. The same results were achieved by other researchers [7,9,11] revealing similarly effective stress zones on the piston edges during simulations. The fatigue life results show that the thermo-mechanical fatigue life decreases with increasing mechanical loading for the circular cut section of the top face of the piston shown in Fig.…”

“…6. Similarly, other researchers [7,9,11] reported that the effective stress occurred at the top surface and edges of the piston. According to the presented analysis, thermo-mechanical fatigue loading limit depends on the selected type of material and is very close to 5MPa , where the highest compression ratio in the IC engine produces a pressure of about 3 to 4 MPa at the end of compression stroke [15].…”

“…They compared the FEA results and data obtained by analytical methods. The final results showed that the obtained values are very close to stress values [7]. Manish Kumar studied the thermal and mechanical stress distributions on an aluminium piston by using ANSYS software.…”

Effect on CI Engine Piston by Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

“…Silicon based aluminum alloy was regarded as the material for the piston. Eutectic alloy (ATC12CuMgNi) which is the material of the piston, its material properties have been listed in table 1 (V G Cioată et al, 2017). CAD file of the piston was produced with the help of Solidworks 2017 as shown in Figure 7.…”

“…Power of the IC engine is limited by the resistance offered by mechanical and thermal force acting on the piston. Therefore design of the piston is very important, as it would define the load and stress on the piston (V G Cioată et al, 2017). As diesel and waste cooking oil biodiesel have similar properties, they can be used in the same compression ignition engine.…”