Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polypropylene Reinforced by Calcined and Uncalcined Zeolite

Abstract

This study was carried out to compare mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with uncalcined and calcined zeolites. The PP samples were reinforced with zeolites at various quantities of 2, 4, and 6 (wt %). The comparison of the two types of zeolite was based on mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus, and thermal characteristics analyzed using DSC, and DTA/TGA technique. The results obtained clearly revealed that both zeolites were able to significantly increase tensile strength and Young's modulus of the samples, with calcined zeolite was found to work better. Addition of calcined zeolite was found to result in increased fracture elongation of the samples reinforced with up to 4 wt% zeolite but decreased sharply for the sample reinforced with 6 wt% zeolite, while for the samples reinforced with uncalcined zeolite, no consistent trend was observed. Thermal analyses demonstrated that the samples reinforced with calcined zeolite are more resistant to thermal treatment than those reinforced with uncalcined zeolite, as indicated by their higher decomposition temperature. DSC analysis revealed that there was no significant difference of the melting points of the samples was observed, but the effect of the quantity of zeolite on enthalphy was quite evident, in which the enthalpies of the samples reinforced with calcined zeolites were relatively lower than those of the samples reinforced with uncalcined zeolites. Abstrak Sifat Mekanik dan Termal dari Polipropilena Diperkuat dengan Zeolit Tanpa Kalsinasi dan Zeolit Kalsinasi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan zeolite tanpa kalsinasi dan yang dikalsinasi sebagai penguat polipropilena (PP). Sampel PP diperkuat dengan zeolite dengan jumlah yang berbeda, yakni 2, 4, dan 6% berat. Sifat mekanik yang diamati adalah kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan putus dan modulus Young. Sifat termal dianalisis dengan menggunakan DSC dan DTA/TGA. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh kekuatan tarik dan modulus Young zeolit kalsinasi meningkat. Perpanjangan putus pada penambahan zeolit sampai 4% mengalami peningkatan namun terjadi penurunan pada penambahan 6%. Zeolit tanpa kalsinasi menunjukan perpanjangan putus lebih rendah dari zeolit kalsinasi. Analisis termal dengan DTA/TGA pada zeolit kalsinasi memiliki daya tahan termal lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan zeolit tanpa kalsinasi, yang ditandai dengan peningkatan temperatur dekomposisi zeolit kalsinasi. Dari analisis DSC didapatkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang sigifikan antara titik lebur sampel, namun sampel yang diberi zeolite kalsinasi memiliki entalpi yang relatif lebih rendah.

Fabrication of Polysulfone - Zeolite Nanocomposite Membrane for Water and Wastewater Treatment Applications

“…Based on the results, the membrane with 1% nanozeolite loading had improved tensile strength when compared to the pure PSf sample. According to Bukit, N. (2012), it was explained that the well dispersion of nanozeolite to the polypropylene matrix allowed the nanocomposite membrane to carry more tensile load due to the formation of strong interfacial layer between the reinforced nanomaterial and the material [10]. This phenomenon was also observed in another study conducted by Liang et al, (2000) where they added the glass beads as fillers in the polypropylene matrix, thus, the interfacial layer created absorbed certain amount of stress from the matrix to the filler during the deformation [11].…”

“…Another interesting characteristic of this compound is its ability to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, which is why zeolites are also used as adsorbent material in the separation of CO2 gas from air [9]. Nanozeolites can also enhance the mechanical property of a polymer as in the case where Nurdin Bukit (2012) observed that the addition of zeolite in polypropylene matrix had enhanced the tensile strength of the composite material [10].…”

Analisis Mekanik Dan Difraksi Nano Komposit Termoplastik Hdpe

“…Peningkatan terbesar untuk kekuatan tarik pada komposisi 8 dan 10 %berat nano ASP tanpa kompatibiliser. Penambahan komposisi nano abu sekam padi dapat mengurangi dispersibeality abu sekam padi yang bisa dikaitkan dengan interaksi bahan pengisi dari ASP yang tinggi dapat menghasilkan aglomerat (penggumpalan), sehingga interkalasi dari matrik HDPE yang meleleh menjadi interlayer ASP menjadi lebih sulit dan menyebabkan kekuatan tarik dan tegangan yield menurun, demikian juga halnya dengan hasil penelitian [16,17].…”

The Effect Zeolite Addition in Natural Rubber Polypropylene Composite on Mechanical, Structure, and Thermal Characteristics

“…The sample was subjected to calcination treatment at 600 °C for 2 hours, and then grinded for 10 hours using planetary ball mill PBM 4. After this treatment, the calcined zeolite was found to have the particle size of 190.2 nm [18]. Analyses XRF in Table 3 XRD analysis of natural zeolite obtained by purification and calcination phase containing major mineral type mordenite (CaAl 2 Si 10 O 24 .7 H 2 O).…”

“…For this reason, modification of zeolite to increase its surface hydrophobicity is required to promote the compatibility of zeolite and organic polymers. The most common modification methods applied are thermal treatment at temperature of 600-1100 °C [17][18][19] and chemical modification using strong acids or strong bases [20][21]. In this study, natural zeolite was modified by calcination at 600 °C to activate the zeolite while retaining its amorphous state [17].…”