e mechanical and tribological properties of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel as an arti cial cartilage were studied under water and bovine serum albumin-lubricated sliding conditions. e frictional properties of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel were investigated via reciprocating frictional tests. e e ect of surface mechanical deformation on the tribological properties of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel as an arti cial cartilage was studied by concurrently recording the z-axis displacement and friction coe cient time. ree di erent factors were chosen including load, speed, and lubrication. e results showed that the albumin solution could reverse the trend in the coe cient of friction in tests at di erent loading levels. ere was no improvement in the friction condition in albumin at low speeds. However, when the speed was increased to 2 Hz, the coe cient of friction was signi cantly reduced. Wear testing was also conducted, and wear tracks were found on the sample surface. e results also showed that even though the surface deformation could recover as the water phase of the porous structure recovered, the coe cient of friction continued to increase simultaneously. is relationship between mechanical and frictional tests indicated that biphasic lubrication e ects may not be the only dominant factor underlying the excellent friction properties of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel.