Mechanical Damage to Pinto Bean Seeds as Affected by Moisture Content, Impact Velocity and Seed Orientation

Shahbazi, Feizollah; Analooei, Mohamad; Saffar, Ali

doi:10.2202/1556-3758.2503

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Previous investigations have found that the moisture content of grain has significant impact on the contact performance of grinding threshing [76][77][78][79][80][81][82] . The higher the moisture content is, the more severe the damage to grain kernels in grinding threshing is.…”

Section: Grinding Threshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of grain threshing theory and technology

Chen

Han

et al. 2018

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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Threshing is the most important function of grain harvester. Grain loss and damage in harvesting are significantly related to threshing theory and technology. There are four kinds of threshing principles including impact, rubbing, combing and grinding. Four types of contact models between grain and threshing components have been constructed correspondently. Grain damage can be regarded as a function of peripheral velocity and contact pattern of impacting. Grain loss can be regarded as a function of contact pattern of rasp bars. Grain loss coming from cleaning and separation in the subsequent process of combing threshing was significantly decreased. Tangential and axial threshing technologies have been applied in grain threshing system widely. It showed that in the combined application, tangential rolls are used to accelerate grain flow, and axial rolls are used to increase threshing quality especially lower loss and damage. Conical concave may take the place of the traditional cylindrical one. With the development of sensor technology and communication technology, intelligent harvesting robot and automatic threshing system will be integrated together to improve grain quality and operation comfort.

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Section: Grinding Threshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of grain threshing theory and technology

Chen

Han

et al. 2018

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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“…Mechanical injuries can be caused by any type of physical and mechanical action, but injuries caused by the impact of moving parts of machines during harvesting and postharvest processing are the most serious (Shahbazi, 2011 ). The grains of agricultural products are constantly subjected to impact forces from machines from the moment they are harvested to the time they are transferred into storage (Shahbazi et al, 2011a , 2011b ; Shahbazi, Dolwlatshah, & Valizadeh, 2012 ; Shahbazi, Valizadeh, & Dolatshaie, 2012 ). Improper design and performance of machines in each of these stages can cause mechanical damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…storage (Shahbazi et al, 2011a(Shahbazi et al, , 2011bShahbazi, Dolwlatshah, & Valizadeh, 2012;Shahbazi, Valizadeh, & Dolatshaie, 2012). Improper design and performance of machines in each of these stages can cause mechanical damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage on impact damage to corn kernel during handling

Shahbazi

2022

Food Science & Nutrition

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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage in minimizing mechanical damage to corn kernels during free fall. Kernels from a single lot of cultivar KSC 705 were evaluated for percentage of breakage using three drop methods (free fall, with cushion box, and with closed let‐down ladder) at five different moisture contents (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%), and three drop heights (5, 10, and 15 m). The results showed that the drop methods had a significant effect on the breakage sensibility of kernels. Sample kernels dropped without a ladder (free fall) had a significantly higher average percentage breakage of 13.80%. In the use of the cushion box, the average kernel breakage was calculated to be 11.41%, which was decreased by about 17% more than the free fall. Sample kernels dropped with the closed let‐down ladder had a lower average breakage of 7.26%, which showed that the closed let‐down ladder significantly helped to reduce mechanical damage to corn kernels by about 47% comparing free fall and by about 37% than the use of the cushion box. The amounts of kernel damage increased significantly with increasing drop height and decreasing moisture content, but the use of the cushion box and closed let‐down ladder systems somewhat reduced the adverse effect of the above factors. To minimize mechanical damage to kernels as they fall into the bin, a grain let‐down ladder should be installed in the bin so that it can receive kernels from the filling spout with minimum damage. Empirical models were developed for the dependency of damage to corn kernels due to the impact caused by free fall on the drop height and moisture content at different drop methods.

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“…[9] The mechanical response of sunflower seeds to loading has also shown that the moisture content plays an important role in the mechanical properties Gupta and Das. [13] Studies on seeds have also demonstrated that increases in moisture content of rapeseed, wheat, and beans lead to decreased damage during impact Shahbazi, et al, [14] Szwed, and Lukaszuk. [15] In cases where the brittleness of the kernel has increased damage during post-harvest and processing, water conditioning has been used on nuts and grains to reduce kernel mechanical damage Aydin, [6] Davidson Jr, et al, [7] Shahbazi, [9] Shirmohammadi and Fielke, [2] Sims, [10] WoŸniak, [11] Woźniak and Styk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromechanical properties of almond kernels with various moisture content levels

Shirmohammadi

Charrault

Blencowe

2018

International Journal of Food Properties

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Almond fruits are subjected to various mechanical stresses throughout production, from harvest to processing, storage and packaging. Kernel properties play an important role in reducing mechanical damage such as scratches and penetration of shell pieces. Knowledge of kernel properties under various conditions of the fruit can assist in optimising post-harvest and processing lines to minimise kernel damage and thus maximise final kernel quality. Kernel moisture content is one of the main attributes affecting the kernel's response to mechanical processing. Increasing the kernel moisture content to an optimum level through wetting fruit prior to processing can lead to a reduced percentage of damaged kernel. Water added to the structure of kernels acted as a plasticiser and helped the kernels to absorb the mechanical load instead of fracturing and breaking into pieces. In this study, tests were conducted on almond kernels with different moisture content levels from 5.52 to 14.09g/100g wet basis. Kernels from a Nonpareil variety were tested in dried and wetted conditions. Test results showed that kernels with higher moisture content were able to undergo a larger deformation at a given force value in comparison with dry kernels. Average deformation for dry samples was from 0.12 mm, which increased to an average of 0.25 mm in wetted samples. The effect of skin on the mechanical properties of the kernels (with and without skin) was studied using a mechanical tester. The test results showed a peak force value in samples tested with skin in comparison with the kernels tested without skin.

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Mechanical Damage to Pinto Bean Seeds as Affected by Moisture Content, Impact Velocity and Seed Orientation

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Review of grain threshing theory and technology

Review of grain threshing theory and technology

Effects of cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage on impact damage to corn kernel during handling

Micromechanical properties of almond kernels with various moisture content levels

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