Mechanical metamaterials based on origami and kirigami

Zhai, Zirui; Wu, Lingling; Jiang, Hanqing

doi:10.1063/5.0051088

Cited by 142 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 262 publications

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“…The programmable kirigami designs can provide ultrahigh stretchability and flexibility not only to papers but also to rigid materials, which reveals a variety of engineering opportunities in the fields of electronics and materials science. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Although many kirigami patterns are possible, [31] in this study, we focus on the simple design consisting of periodically displaced multiple slits in a rectangular sheet (Figure 1b). Here,…”

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confidence: 99%

Elastocaloric Kirigami Temperature Modulator

Hirai

Iguchi

Miura

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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The elastocaloric effect, a temperature change induced by the external tensile or compressive strain, is of crucial interest for next-generation thermal management technologies because of its environmental friendliness and economic benefits. Toward applications of the elastocaloric effect, many efforts have been made to determine highly efficient elastocaloric materials. Here, another way of modulating the elastocaloric temperature change is reported by applying a process inspired by the Japanese art of paper-cutting, named kirigami. Simply, by stretching elastocaloric materials with kirigami structure, it is demonstrated that focused heat absorption and release can be generated simultaneously owing to nonuniform internal stress by cutting patterns. Owing to the ultrahigh stretchability of kirigami, the input stress required to generate the elastocaloric temperature change is dramatically reduced, resulting in an improvement in the local cooling/heating performance. The concept demonstrated here can be applied to any elastocaloric material and pave the way for constructing versatile solid-state heat pumps for flexible electronics.

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confidence: 99%

Elastocaloric Kirigami Temperature Modulator

Hirai

Iguchi

Miura

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Kirigami mechanical metamaterials (Kiri-MMs) have shown great potential in flexible electronics and soft robotics [22][23][24] due to their extraordinary mechanical properties including tunable Poisson's ratio, [25,26] high stretchability, [27][28][29] programmable morphability, [30][31][32][33][34] and configurable 2D-to-3D transformability. [35][36][37][38] Many creative kirigami-inspired applications have been achieved such as soft crawler, [39] shoe grip, [40] morphable stent, [41] adaptive imager, [42] and flexible car shell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Snakeskin‐Inspired, Soft‐Hinge Kirigami Metamaterial for Self‐Adaptive Conformal Electronic Armor

et al. 2022

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A majority of soft‐body creatures evolve armor or shells to protect themselves. Similar protection demand is for flexible electronics working in complex environments. Existing works mainly focus on improving the sensing capabilities such as electronic skin (E‐skin). Inspired by snakeskin, a novel electronic armor (E‐armor) is proposed, which not only possesses mechanical flexibility and electronic functions similar to E‐skin, but is also able to protect itself and the underlying soft body from external physical damage. The geometry of the kirigami mechanical metamaterial (Kiri‐MM) ensures auxetic stretchability and meanwhile large areal coverage for sufficient protection. Moreover, to suppress the inherent but undesired out‐of‐plane buckling of conventional Kiri‐MMs for conformal applications, soft hinges are used to form a distinct soft (hinges)‐rigid (tiles) configuration. Analytical, computational, and experimental studies of the mechanical behaviors of the soft‐hinge Kiri‐MM E‐armor demonstrate the merits of this design, i.e., stretchability, conformability, and protectability, as applied to flexible electronics. Deploying a conductive soft material at the hinges enables facile wiring strategies for large‐scale circuit arrays. Functional E‐armor systems for controllable display and sensing purposes provide simple examples of a wide spectrum of applications of this concept.

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“…Stretchable electronic devices have been developed using stretchable materials, such as conductive elastomers and organic semiconductors, or stretchable structures, such as origami-based structures with folds and kirigami structures with slits [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Hinged origami/kirigami stretchable electronic devices consist of panels (undeformed regions) and hinges (local bending deformation regions), and the stretchability of the entire device is achieved by the local bending deformation of the hinges [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Therefore, the hinged origami/kirigami stretchable electronic devices can consist only of non-stretchable highperformance materials such as rigid electronic elements mounted on the panels and a metal conductive layer on the hinges and panels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Curvature Self-Folding Method of a Thick Metal Layer for Hinged Origami/Kirigami Stretchable Electronic Devices

et al. 2022

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A self-folding method that can fold a thick (~10 μm) metal layer with a large curvature (>1 mm−1) and is resistant to repetitive folding deformation is proposed. Given the successful usage of hinged origami/kirigami structures forms in deployable structures, they show strong potential for application in stretchable electronic devices. There are, however, two key difficulties in applying origami/kirigami methods to stretchable electronic devices. The first is that a thick metal layer used as the conductive layer of electronic devices is too hard for self-folding as it is. Secondly, a thick metal layer breaks on repetitive folding deformation at a large curvature. To overcome these difficulties, this paper proposes a self-folding method using hinges on a thick metal layer by applying a meander structure. Such a structure can be folded at a large curvature even by weak driving forces (such as those produced by self-folding) and has mechanical resistance to repetitive folding deformation due to the local torsional deformation of the meander structure. To verify the method, the large curvature self-folding of thick metal layers and their mechanical resistance to repetitive folding deformation is experimentally demonstrated. In addition, an origami/kirigami hybrid stretchable electronic device with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is fabricated using a double-tiling structure called the perforated extruded Miura-ori.

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Mechanical metamaterials based on origami and kirigami

Cited by 142 publications

References 262 publications

Elastocaloric Kirigami Temperature Modulator

Elastocaloric Kirigami Temperature Modulator

A Snakeskin‐Inspired, Soft‐Hinge Kirigami Metamaterial for Self‐Adaptive Conformal Electronic Armor

Large Curvature Self-Folding Method of a Thick Metal Layer for Hinged Origami/Kirigami Stretchable Electronic Devices

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