Mechanical model for complex brackets system of the Taiwanese traditional Dieh-Dou timber structures

Yeo, Sok Yee; Komatsu, Kenshi; Hsu, Min-fu; Que, Zeli

doi:10.1177/1369433215618269

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Both static and dynamic experiments and analysis have been conducted by many researchers who have confirmed the non-linear stiffness of Dou-Gong (Fujita et al, 2000;2016a;Yeo et al, 2016b). The rotation of base Dou often experiences major horizontal deformation in the region of initial stiffness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static behaviour of a two-tiered Dou-Gong system reinforced by super-elastic alloy

Xie

Wang

Chang

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering

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The Dou-Gong system in Asian timber structures plays an important role in resisting seismic action. Traditional carpentry in Asia uses timber pegs to connect components, which enables relative movement between components and hence provides friction to dissipate energy in an earthquake. This method, however, has some shortcomings, such as inadequate stiffness to resist a large lateral force, and, therefore, the structures tend to exhibit permanent deformation after earthquakes. This study proposes a new technique by using super-elastic alloy bars to replace conventional wooden peg connections to enhance the seismic performance of the structures. Static pushover experiments were conducted on full-scale two-tiered Dou-Gong systems, and high-strength steel and conventional wooden pegs were used as benchmarks. The ultimate stiffness of the Dou-Gong system has shown an increase when both high-strength steel and super-elastic alloy bars were used, but only super-elastic alloy can provide a consistently high damping ratio. This technique also involves pre-strain of the super-elastic alloy, and the outcomes of this series of experiments have shown that pre-strain of the super-elastic alloy can significantly increase the damping ratio in the structure, and, hence, more energy is dissipated. The results of this paper can be used in projects of timber structures using the Dou-Gong system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static behaviour of a two-tiered Dou-Gong system reinforced by super-elastic alloy

Xie

Wang

Chang

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering

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“…From the post-earthquake reconnaissance literature [2][3][4][5][6][7], three main types of fracture modes were commonly observed in the Dieh-Dou timber frame buildings, namely, joint dislocation at both the timber column-beam region and timber column base-stone column/plinth connections that subsequently led to a partial collapse of the global frame (Figure 2a and 2b); vertical shear failure at the timber column-beam region ( Figure 2c); and lastly, vertical and horizontal shear crack of adjoining members of the complex bracket system ( Figure 2). More than a decade has passed since the Chi-Chi earthquake, but relatively few fundamental studies on the structural behaviour of Dieh-Dou timber frames and its joint connections [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] can be found to-date. Thus, there is an urgency to evaluate the seismic performance of the existing Dieh-Dou timber frame buildings so as to better protect the remaining Dieh-Dou type historic buildings from future earthquake attacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Majority of the research relating to the mechanical behaviour of Dieh-Dou timber frame arise from Japan [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], followed by Taiwan [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] and China [27][28][29][30]. Even though the Japanese traditional timber structures generally differs from the Taiwanese Dieh-Dou type, both traditional timber frames share key features such as the heavy roof loads, the common stacking characteristics of the Dou-Gong complex brackets and the beamcolumn penetrating joint concept.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it is more logical to consider the joint connections of the oriental timber structures as semi-rigid so that the predicted outcomes will be much closer to the actual behaviour. The performance of the traditional timber structure will only work best when it is subjected to a heavy roof load as the mortise-tenon and dowel connections can be tightly held in place and eventually, helps to contribute to a stiffer global frame to resist lateral force attack [8,13,[14][15][16]27,28]. Since embedment of timber members is a natural outcome, it is therefore recommended to consider the triangular and complete embedment concepts proposed by Inayama [19][20] and Kitamori [26], respectively, during the mechanical modelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural behavior of traditional Dieh-Dou timber main frame

Yeo

Komatsu

Hsu

et al. 2018

International Journal of Architectural Heritage

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Under different combinations of horizontal and vertical loads, a total of three static cyclic tests were conducted to investigate the in-plane structural behaviour of the traditional Dieh-Dou timber frame. Typical deformation patterns include column rocking, joint rotation around the primary beam-column and column Dou-column regions, vertical shear around the upper and lower end of column mortise, embedment around primary beam-column regions and vertical shearing around the mortise regions of the Dou members. Visible deformation generally began from 1/30 rad onwards. Column restoring force contributed mainly to the main frame's moment resistance when displacement is small. When frame deformation exceeds 1/50 rad, bending moment from the primary beam dominated the frame's global restoring force. Hence, column restoring force and the primary beam-column connection generally undertake the primary moment-resisting mechanism while the complex bracket structures above the primary beam play a secondary role. Base on embedment theory and semi-rigid spring model, a new theoretical model was developed to estimate the global behaviour for the global system of Dieh-Dou main frame. The current model can only estimate the initial and secondary stiffness as the spring stiffness are assumed to behave bi-linearly. Hence, it is unable to predict the out-of-plane failure phenomena and ultimate failure load at this moment. Although the prediction tends to be on the conservative side, the predicted model is generally in good agreement with observed results.

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“…e proportion of the rotational and slip motion (the main seismic behavior of bracket sets) in each block and corbel has been analyzed using reducedscale (1/3.25 and 2/3) and full-scale models to obtain the primary deformation of each component [5][6][7][8]. e rotation of block 1 (the lowest layer in the bracket set, as shown in Figure 1(c)) has a great in uence, especially with respect to the initial sti ness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Assessment on the Hysteretic Behavior of a Full‐Scale Traditional Chinese Timber Structure Using a Synchronous Loading Technique

Shi

Chen

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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In traditional Chinese timber structures, few tie beams were used between columns, and the column base was placed directly on a stone base. In order to study the hysteretic behavior of such structures, a full-scale model was established. e model size was determined according to the requirements of an eighth grade material system specified in the architectural treatise Ying-zao-fa-shi written during the Song Dynasty. In light of the vertical lift and drop of the test model during horizontal reciprocating motions, the horizontal low-cycle reciprocating loading experiments were conducted using a synchronous loading technique. By analyzing the load-displacement hysteresis curves, envelope curves, deformation capacity, energy dissipation, and change in stiffness under different vertical loads, it is found that the timber frame exhibits obvious signs of self-restoring and favorable plastic deformation capacity. As the horizontal displacement increases, the equivalent viscous damping coefficient generally declines first and then increases. At the same time, the stiffness degrades rapidly first and then decreases slowly. Increasing vertical loading will improve the deformation, energy-dissipation capacity, and stiffness of the timber frame.

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Mechanical model for complex brackets system of the Taiwanese traditional Dieh-Dou timber structures

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Static behaviour of a two-tiered Dou-Gong system reinforced by super-elastic alloy

Static behaviour of a two-tiered Dou-Gong system reinforced by super-elastic alloy

Structural behavior of traditional Dieh-Dou timber main frame

Experimental Assessment on the Hysteretic Behavior of a Full‐Scale Traditional Chinese Timber Structure Using a Synchronous Loading Technique

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