Mechanical performance of Scots pine wood from northwestern Poland – A case study

Abstract

Scots pine is one of the most commercially important wood species in Europe. This study assessed the potential usefulness of pinewood from the Noteć Forest for construction purposes by evaluating its mechanical properties and investigating the influence of the site conditions on the pinewood performance. Additionally, the variability of the mechanical properties from the bark to the pith was analyzed. The results showed that the properties of pinewood varied significantly within the Noteć Forest despite similar growing conditions, which may be a result of genetic variation. Wood from Sowia Góra had the greatest density (566 kg/m3) and excellent mechanical performance (compressive strength of 64 MPa), while wood from Zamyślin exhibited the lowest density (526 kg/m3) and a lower compressive strength (54 MPa). Comparison of the properties of the pinewoods from various locations indicated that the general conditions in the forest stand, however crucial for tree growth, were not the only determinants of wood performance. The results also showed high variability in density and mechanical properties between juvenile and mature wood in all the examined trees. Overall, pinewood from the poor habitats of the Noteć Forest could be a useful raw material for various industrial purposes.

The Structural, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of Wood from Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Affected by Scots Pine Blister Rust

“…The highest value of this parameter at mid-height for a Scots pine growing on a coniferous forest site has been reported to be 45.5 ± 1.5 MPa [33], which is more than the values found in this study and in other reports [26,29]. Compression strength parallel to the grain obtained by other researchers for the basal part of the trunk revealed higher values than those found by the present authors [30][31][32], as the compression strength of unaffected wood increases the closer to the base of the tree it is. The coefficient of compression strength parallel to the grain-infected wood was lower than that of healthy wood-our results for the latter were consistent with the values reported in the literature [32].…”

“…These criteria are met by the Scots pine, which is one the most important tree species in the world. It has been primarily studied in terms of its structure [12,13] and physical properties [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] (and especially density [13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]) as well as mechanical properties [29][30][31][32][33].…”

The Influence of the Accelerated Aging Process on the Compressive Strength of Wood Treated with Components of a Salt Fire Retardant

“…Before the compression tests, samples were conditioned (until equilibrium moisture content (constant mass) was achieved) in the same conditions and mass as before the aging process, and their dimensions were measured using an analytical balance accurate to 0.001 g (Sartorius GmbH, Göttingen, Germany) and a digital caliper with accuracy to 0.01 mm [ 23 ]. Then, the beams were subjected on compressive strength test according to the ISO 13061-1:2014 [ 24 ], ISO 13061-5:2020 [ 25 ] and ISO 13061-17:2017 [ 26 ] standard on the Zwick Z100 testing machine (Zwick GmbH, Ulm, Germany) [ 23 , 27 ]. During the tests, the value of the compressive strength and Young’s modulus were recorded [ 28 ].…”

Tannin extracts as a preservative for pine thermo-mechanically densified wood

“…3). Homogeneity can be a positive factor in the wood processing process, as it ensures similar physical and mechanical characteristics throughout the piece, resulting in lower defect propensities (Roszyk et al 2020). In addition, the higher density of modified woods can qualify them for the production of furniture, flooring, and construction uses (Ulker et al 2012;Pertuzzatti et al 2018).…”