Mechanical problems of novel back contact solar modules

Kraemer, Frank Alexander; Wiese, S.; Peter, E.; Seib, J.

doi:10.1016/j.microrel.2013.02.019

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Nowadays computational structural analyses, such as with the Finite Element Method, have become established also in this field which is underlined by an impressive number of works, e.g. [1,2,3,4]. Since computational analysis of fully detailed (three diemsnional) structures with regard to photovoltaic modules, is inefficient in terms of computational effort, calculation time, and accuracy of results, it is reasonable to split the mechanical problem on different scales.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A homogeneous substitute material for the core layer of photovoltaic composite structures

Aßmus

Nordmann

Naumenko

et al. 2017

Composites Part B: Engineering

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The present contribution is concerned with the computational homogenisation of mechanical properties of the heterogeneous photovoltaic module core layer. This is required since the mechanical approach with a novel layerwise theory used for efficient global structural analysis is based on homogeneous layers. This layerwise theory is build on the direct approach for plates, where all considerations are restricted to the deformable midsurface of the individual layer. Due to the geometric structure of the core layer, an anistropic material behavior of the effective substitute material results. The resulting orientation dependence of mechanical properties is specified and visualized. Finally, based on aforementioned work, the results of anisotropic elasticity gained for the three dimensional Cauchy continuum, are transferred to stiffness measures of surface elasticity.

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Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C is the fourth rank membrane stiffness tensor, D the fourth rank bending stiffness tensor, and Z is the second rank transverse shear stiffness tensor. C and D have 2 4 coefficients. Z has only 2 2 coefficients.…”

Section: Linear Elasticity Of Surface Continuamentioning

confidence: 99%

A homogeneous substitute material for the core layer of photovoltaic composite structures

Aßmus

Nordmann

Naumenko

et al. 2017

Composites Part B: Engineering

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“…All newly-manufactured PV modules in Europe, regardless of their type, must meet the requirements of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61215 standards [22]. The IEC also defines hail impact simulation tests which must be performed by firing a formed ice ball on a PV module, using a pneumatic actuator [23]. The standard IEC 61215 defines an ice ball diameter of 25 mm and an impact velocity of 23 m/s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of the Energy Losses of Photovoltaic (PV) Modules after Hail Simulation Using a Newly-Created Testbed

et al. 2019

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The impact of hail ice cubes on composite structures (such as solar cells) causes actual defects. This article presents a series of tests, in which solar cell modules were exposed to hail simulation testbed balls, allowing to assess the following: the impact energy, which causes the major defects in solar cells; the formed micro-cracks in the structure of solar cells, resulting in the loss of power generated by a solar cell; and the solar cell parameters necessary for modelling. In addition, this article presents a digital analysis of hail simulation. Information received from the digital analysis was used to optimize the structure of solar cells in order to improve its resistance properties. The aim of this study was to present a simple method for experimental hail simulation. The proposed hail impact estimation method can be successfully applied to study the influence of the mechanical–dynamic impact of photovoltaic (PV) modules of different structures on the technical characteristics of these modules (structural stability, power generation, etc.). The study showed that PV modules are subjected to an irreversible effect of the excitation force (i.e., micro-cracking) and it can reduce the generated power by 2.33% to 4.83%.

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A review of interconnection technologies for improved crystalline silicon solar cell photovoltaic module assembly

et al. 2015

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Mechanical problems of novel back contact solar modules

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

A homogeneous substitute material for the core layer of photovoltaic composite structures

A homogeneous substitute material for the core layer of photovoltaic composite structures

Research of the Energy Losses of Photovoltaic (PV) Modules after Hail Simulation Using a Newly-Created Testbed

A review of interconnection technologies for improved crystalline silicon solar cell photovoltaic module assembly

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