Mechanical Properties of Multidirectional Fiber Composites

Jang, Byung Chul; Shih, Wei-Kuan; Chung, W. C.

doi:10.1177/073168448900800601

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The stitched sample fractures include additional sewing thread pull-out from composite and/or sewing thread breakage during loading, which is caused by the interaction of the third directional fibers with the delamination. Therefore, the crack dissipates more energy during the propagation process [44]. As seen in Figures 5 and 7, the stitching helps hold the glass fibers in place, which helps increase Young's modulus (Figure 3b) as the stitching length separation is shorter.…”

Section: Fracture Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study of the Influence of Stitched Nylon Threads in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Two-Dimensional Multilayer Composite on Tensile Strength

Lira-Martinez,

Gaona-Tiburcio,

Almeraya-Calderon

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Stitched filaments are known to modify the mechanical properties of glass-fiber-reinforced polymers 2D (GFRPs 2D), so studying the effect on mechanical properties is underway to determine the critical variables involved. This research focuses on the study of the tensile strength effect of stitched low-density Barkley FBA BGQS15-15 nylon monofilament on biaxial E-Glass Saertex 830 g/m2 (+/−45°) cured with Polyester Sypol Resin 8086 CCP using a vacuum infusion process. Four specimens were made with longitudinal distances between the stitched reinforcements of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 cm, respectively. Tensile strength tests based on standard ASTM D3039 were performed to study how stitching can affect toughness, Young’s modulus, deformation, ultimate strength, and yield strength. The results indicated that the stitching increases Young’s modulus up to 99.2%, UTS is increased by up to +3.14%, deformation decreases by up to −41.66%, and toughness decreases by up to −36.89%. Although the stitching’s main function is to increase interlaminar resistance, it also induces the formation of stress concentrations by the new threads, and premature failure in the matrix was shown.

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Section: Fracture Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fracture Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of the Influence of Stitched Nylon Threads in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Two-Dimensional Multilayer Composite on Tensile Strength

Lira-Martinez,

Gaona-Tiburcio,

Almeraya-Calderon

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…Silk fiber pull-out and breakage indicate the contribution of the Z-direction stitching to the interlaminar resistance [40]. Consequently, the crack will need more energy to propagate through the stitched specimens [42]. On the other hand, the unstitched specimens suffer from crack growth without any Z-binder to bridge crack tips and slow crack propagation.…”

Section: Composite Failure Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance of Unstitched and Silk Fiber-Stitched Woven Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

et al. 2020

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Fiber composites are known to have poor through-thickness mechanical properties due to the absence of a Z-direction binder. This issue is more critical with the use of natural fibers due to their low strength compared to synthetic fibers. Stitching is a through-thickness toughening method that is used to introduce fibers in the Z-direction, which will result in better through-thickness mechanical properties. This research was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of unstitched and silk fiber-stitched woven kenaf-reinforced epoxy composites. The woven kenaf mat was stitched with silk fiber using a commercial sewing machine. The specimens were fabricated using a hand lay-up method. Three specimens were fabricated, one unstitched and two silk-stitched with deferent stitching orientations. The results show that the stitched specimens have comparable in-plane mechanical properties to the unstitched specimens. For the tensile mechanical test, stitched specimens show similar and 17.1% higher tensile strength compared to the unstitched specimens. The flexural mechanical test results show around a 9% decrease in the flexural strength for the stitched specimens. On the other hand, the Izod impact mechanical test results show a significant improvement of 33% for the stitched specimens, which means that stitching has successfully improved the out-of-plane mechanical properties. The outcome of this research indicates that the stitched specimens have better mechanical performance compared to the unstitched specimens and that the decrease in the flexural strength is insignificant in contrast with the remarkable enhancement in the impact strength.

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Mechanical properties in multidimensional composites

Jang

Cholakara

Shih

1991

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The mechanical properties of three dimensional stitched composites were compared against those of the traditional two dimensional laminates. An attempt was made to correlate the change in properties to the change in the third directional fiber density. Tests conducted were the impact, three-point bending, damage tolerance, end notched flexure, and bending fatigue test. The results of these tests show that the third directional fibers can effectively inhibit delamination by increasing the interlaminar shear strength. Three dimensional composites also possess better damage tolerance, fracture toughness, and fatigue life. However, a high stitching density can degrade the in-plane properties of the composites.

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Mechanical Properties of Multidirectional Fiber Composites

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Experimental Study of the Influence of Stitched Nylon Threads in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Two-Dimensional Multilayer Composite on Tensile Strength

Experimental Study of the Influence of Stitched Nylon Threads in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Two-Dimensional Multilayer Composite on Tensile Strength

Mechanical Performance of Unstitched and Silk Fiber-Stitched Woven Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Mechanical properties in multidimensional composites

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