Mechanical Properties of UV-Cured Coatings Containing Multifunctional Acrylates

Noren, G. K.; Zimmerman, James J.; Krajewski, J. J.; Bishop, T.

doi:10.1021/bk-1990-0417.ch019

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A typical UV formulation can be based on acrylate terminated polyether and polyester soft chains and some acrylate or multiacrylate monomers 2. Such reactive diluents become an effective part of the polymer network and greatly change the overall final product performances 3. Another way to reduce viscosity of a formulation is the use of cross‐linked polymer microparticles (CPM or microgels) instead of linear polymers or oligomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Acrylic Functionalized (Meth)acrylic Cross‐Linked Polymer Microparticles in Photopolymerized Acrylic Films

Valette

Pascault

Magny³

2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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The effect of reactive (meth)acrylic cross‐linked polymer microparticles (reactive CPM, also called reactive microgels) used as cross‐linking agents has been studied on the thermo‐mechanical properties of different photopolymerized thin films. The matrix was based on the copolymerization of isobornyl acrylate and ethoxy ethoxy ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate. Various concentrations of CPM were initially blended with the monomers. These solutions were photopolymerized under UV radiation to obtain hard and transparent films. Since CPM were reactive respect to monomers, they acted as multifunctional cross‐linkers, resulting in networks after polymerization. The well distributed and highly functional CPM which connected acrylate linear chains worked as well defined chemical clusters and gave to the networks a very unique structure. By varying the reactive CPM concentration, the relationship between the number of double bonds introduced into the network by the CPM acting like cross‐linkers and the rubbery modulus of the films was determined from viscoelastic measurements. The structure of CPM, the average functionality and also crystallinity were modified to change networks properties. In addition, reactive groups have been preferentially introduced at the surface vicinity by using a new functional stabilizing agent. CPM were also compared to linear polymers with the same composition. From viscoelastic properties, it is concluded that CPM are very efficient cross‐linkers. However, very high CPM incorporation led to high extent of intramolecular reaction, reducing the cross‐linking efficiency. During thermal aging, CPM and linear copolymer seemed to rearrange leading the film structure to an equilibrium state.TEM micrograph of a photopolymerized film (30 wt.‐% of CPM‐0% ODA + 70 wt.‐% of IBOA/EEEA) after thermal aging.magnified imageTEM micrograph of a photopolymerized film (30 wt.‐% of CPM‐0% ODA + 70 wt.‐% of IBOA/EEEA) after thermal aging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Acrylic Functionalized (Meth)acrylic Cross‐Linked Polymer Microparticles in Photopolymerized Acrylic Films

Valette

Pascault

Magny³

2003

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…Oligomer Preparation. The oligomers were prepared from poly(propylene glycol), 4,4‘-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate), and hydroxyethyl acrylate using well-known procedures. − The first oligomer was prepared from 1 mol of M n = 2000 poly(propylene glycol), 2 mol of the diisocyanate, and 2 mol of the hydroxyethyl acrylate and is designated 1xPPG2000. The second oligomer was prepared in a similar fashion using M n = 8000 poly(propylene glycol) and is designated 1xPPG8000.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Approach to Studying the Development and Final Network Properties of Urethane Acrylate Coatings

et al. 2006

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An integrated approach, involving the use of a number of analytical techniques, was used to study polymer coating network development during photopolymerization of a series of fast reacting, low modulus coating formulations containing urethane/acrylate oligomers and acrylic comonomers. Real-time UV rheology measurements, to assess the development of viscoelastic properties, and real-time FTIR, to assess the disappearance of acrylic groups, were used to study the early stages of the photocuring reaction up to the gel point. These results showed that the development of the cross-linked network and the rate at which acrylate double bonds reacted were not necessarily directly proportional as might be expected and were dependent upon the structures of the urethane/acrylate oligomer and comonomers comprising a particular coating. Samples of partially polymerized coatings were also prepared having degrees of acrylate conversion ranging from ∼50% through full conversion. Analysis of the amount of extractable material and the molecular weight distribution of soluble oligomeric material as a function of degree of conversion also showed a dependence upon the coating formulation components. In some cases the extraction results for intermediate cure level samples could be correlated to the reactivity trends observed in the early stages of the curing reaction. We also made use of solid-state NMR 1H T 2 relaxation measurements to assess both partially and fully reacted films. The rate of magnetization decay correlated well with both the developing level of cross-link density as the degree of polymerization increased and also with the theoretical cross-link densities expected for the fully cured networks based on the structure of the coating formulation components. The latter also correlated well with modulus measurements made on fully cured coating film samples.

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Soap‐free seeded emulsion copolymerization of MMA onto PU‐A and their properties

Zhang

Guan

Yin

et al. 2001

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Aromatic-aliphatic thermotropic liquid crystalline terpolyesters derived from 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, hydroquinones, and 8-(3-hydroxyphenyl)octanoic acid (HPOA), a monomer with built-in kink and flexible moieties, were prepared by a melt polycondensation reaction. These polymers were characterized for their thermotropic liquid crystalline properties. The effect of variation in the composition of the polyester on the liquid crystalline behavior and thermal properties was also studied. Increasing the content of kinked units increased the amount of structural irregularity and decreased the isotropization temperature. The T m and thermal stability of the polyesters were found to decrease with increase in the HPOA content. The formation of the liquid crystalline phase was not prevented by the introduction of up to 40 mol % of HPOA in the copolyester. The effect of substituents on the thermal properties of the terpolyesters was also studied. Introduction of a phenyl substituent on the hydroquinone ring was found to lower the transition temperature compared to substituents such as methyl or methoxy.

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Mechanical Properties of UV-Cured Coatings Containing Multifunctional Acrylates

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Use of Acrylic Functionalized (Meth)acrylic Cross‐Linked Polymer Microparticles in Photopolymerized Acrylic Films

Use of Acrylic Functionalized (Meth)acrylic Cross‐Linked Polymer Microparticles in Photopolymerized Acrylic Films

Integrated Approach to Studying the Development and Final Network Properties of Urethane Acrylate Coatings

Soap‐free seeded emulsion copolymerization of MMA onto PU‐A and their properties

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