Mechanism of action and cloning of epoxide hydrolase from the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni

Roe, R. Michael; Kallapur, V. L.; Linderman, Russell J.; Viviani, Fabrice; Harris, Shannon V.; Walker, Elizabeth A.; Thompson, Deborah

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6327(1996)32:3/4<527::aid-arch24>3.0.co;2-d

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Additionally, all four genes encoding homologs of the key enzyme in the second endogenous JH degradation pathway, JH epoxide hydrolase (JHEH), were down‐regulated. Of these, two (EV803004, EV807244) shared sequence homology with the functionally‐verified larval B. mori and Trichoplusia ni JHEHs (Roe et al. , 1996; Zhang et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in gene expression in the permissive larval host lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana, Tortricidae) in response to EppoNPV (Baculoviridae) infection

Gatehouse

Poulton

Markwick

et al. 2009

Insect Molecular Biology

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Host cell and virus gene expression were measured five days after per os inoculation of 3rd instar lightbrown apple moth (LBAM) larvae with the Epiphyas postvittana nucleopolyhedrovirus (EppoNPV). Microarray analysis identified 84 insect genes that were up-regulated and 18 genes that were down-regulated in virus-infected larvae compared with uninfected larvae. From the 134 viral open reading frames represented on the microarray, 81 genes showed strong expression. Of the 38 functionally identifiable regulated insect genes, 23 coded for proteins that have roles in one of five processes; regulation of transcription and translation, induction of apoptosis, and maintenance of both juvenility and actin cytoskeletal integrity. Of the 34 functionally identifiable viral genes that were most strongly expressed, 12 had functions associated with these five processes, as did a further seven viral genes which were expressed at slightly lower levels. A survey of the LBAM-expressed sequence tag library identified further genes involved in these processes. In total, 135 insect genes and 38 viral genes were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-one insect genes were strongly up-regulated and 31 genes strongly down-regulated. All 38 viral genes examined were highly expressed. These data suggest that induction of apoptosis and regulation of juvenility are the major 'battlegrounds' between virus and insect, with the majority of changes observed representing viral control of insect gene expression. Transcription and translational effects seem to be exerted largely through modulation of mRNA and protein degradation. Examples of attempts by the insect to repel the infection via changes in gene expression within these same processes were, however, also noted. The data also showed the extent to which viral transcription dominated in the infected insects at five days post inoculation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in gene expression in the permissive larval host lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana, Tortricidae) in response to EppoNPV (Baculoviridae) infection

Gatehouse

Poulton

Markwick

et al. 2009

Insect Molecular Biology

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“…The basic biology expanding on the early work of Mullin, Wilkinson and others to characterize how many JHEHs are involved in insect biology is still wanting. However, the cloning, characterization and expression of JHEH first from M. sexta ,51, 52 B. mori 53 and T. ni 54, 55 certainly helps with structural optimization, and hopefully target enzymes soon will become available from a variety of model species 56. For example, using the recombinant JHEH from M. sexta , powerful JHEH inhibitors were developed57 on the basis of the amide and urea pharmacophore optimized for the microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolases 58, 59.…”

Section: Insect Epoxide Hydrolasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gerry Brooks and epoxide hydrolases: four decades to a pharmaceutical

Morisseau

Hammock

2008

Pest Management Science

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The pioneering work of Gerry Brooks on cyclodiene insecticides led to the discovery of a class of enzymes known as epoxide hydrolases. The results from four decades of work confirm Brooks' first observations that the microsomal epoxide hydrolase is important in foreign compound metabolism. Brooks and associates went on to be the first to carry out a systematic study of the inhibition of this enzyme. A second role for this enzyme family was in the degradation of insect juvenile hormone (JH). JH epoxide hydrolases have now been cloned and expressed from several species, and there is interest in developing inhibitors for them. Interestingly, the distantly related mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase has emerged as a promising pharmacological target for treating hypertension, inflammatory disease and pain. Tight-binding transition-state inhibitors were developed with good ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion). These compounds stabilize endogenous epoxides of fatty acids, including arachidonic acid, which have profound therapeutic effects. Now EHs from microorganisms and plants are used in green chemistry. From his seminal work, Dr Brooks opened the field of epoxide hydrolase research in many directions including xenobiotic metabolism, insect physiology and human health, as well as asymmetric organic synthesis. 

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“…These enzymes are possibly involved in the production of cutin and phytoalexins from unsaturated fatty acids. EH activity has been detected in several arthropod species [19,20]. In insects, some of the EHs are involved in the metabolism of juvenile hormones, which are important regulators of insect development and reproduction [20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and characterization of a highly enantioselective epoxide hydrolase from Aspergillus niger

Morisseau¹,

Archelas²,

Guitton³

et al. 1999

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The epoxide hydrolase from Aspergillus niger was purified to homogeneity using a four-step procedure and p-nitrostyrene oxide (pNSO) as substrate. The enzyme was purified 246-fold with 4% activity yield. The protein is a tetramer composed of four identical subunits of molecular mass 45 kDa. Maximum activity was observed at 40 8C, pH 7.0, and with dimethylformamide as cosolvent to dissolve pNSO. Hydrolysis of pNSO was highly enantioselective, with an E value (i.e. enantiomeric ratio) of 40 and a high regioselectivity (97%) for the less hindered carbon atom of the epoxide. This enzyme may be a good biocatalyst for the preparation of enantiopure epoxides or diols.

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Mechanism of action and cloning of epoxide hydrolase from the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Changes in gene expression in the permissive larval host lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana, Tortricidae) in response to EppoNPV (Baculoviridae) infection

Changes in gene expression in the permissive larval host lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana, Tortricidae) in response to EppoNPV (Baculoviridae) infection

Gerry Brooks and epoxide hydrolases: four decades to a pharmaceutical

Purification and characterization of a highly enantioselective epoxide hydrolase from Aspergillus niger

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