Mechanism of Deltamethrin induced Immunotoxicity: Current and Future Perspectives

Kumar, Anoop; Bhaskar, Amand; Chandra, Saket; Sasmal, D.; Mukhopadhyay, Kunal; Sharma, Neelima

doi:10.14800/rci.578

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Deltamethrin can induce cell damage through activation of multiple pathways. Many studies have shown that deltamethrin exposure can affect cell survival and induce caspase-dependent or -independent apoptosis ( 47 , 48 ) in the kidney ( 32 ), liver ( 49 ), neurons ( 50 ), and spleen ( 51 ). The liver is an important organ for substance metabolism, is involved in the decomposition, synthesis, transformation, storage, phagocytosis, detoxification, and inactivation of various compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subchronic toxicity of oral deltamethrin in laying chickens

et al. 2022

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Pyrethroid pesticides, with low toxicity to birds and mammals and short persistence in the environment, are widely used now. With the development of intensive poultry farming, pesticide application leads to residues in poultry products and pollution in ecological environment. The aim of the present study was to examine deltamethrin subchronic toxicity in laying chickens. One hundred and twelve laying chickens were randomly assigned to 14 groups including 13 groups medicated with deltamethrin (n = 8) and one unmedicated group used as control (n = 8). Tissue samples were collected during and after administration for weighing and histopathological analysis. A single dose of deltamethrin (20 mg·kg−1·BW·d) was administered orally to laying chickens for 14 days. The results showed that deltamethrin has no significant effect on the relative organ weight of laying chickens (p > 0.05). The activities of aspartate aminotransferase and cholinesterase in the plasma gradually decreased over time in the medicated group (p < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of urea nitrogen, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine significantly increased during treatment (p < 0.05), and significant liver damage and loss of intestinal villous epithelium were observed. The intestinal wall thickness, villus height, and crypt depth of laying chickens were altered by deltamethrin treatment. During treatment was withdrawn, the intestinal repair was more extensive than the liver repair.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subchronic toxicity of oral deltamethrin in laying chickens

et al. 2022

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“…Dose selection: Doses were selected according to LD 50 dose of allethrin for mice. Curcuminand piperinedose was selected according to previous studies performed by other researchers 19,20 and curcumin's pharmacological safety is accepted, considering that it has been consumed as a dietary spice, at doses up to 100 mg dayG 1 , for centuries 21 . The untreated control mice were treatedidentically with equal volumes of olive oil.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of pyrethroids containing insecticidal products is increasing day by day due to their high insecticidal and low mammalian acute toxic effects [1][2][3] . Allethrin is a type I pyrethroid, one of the preferred household pest control insecticide having maximal human exposure as it is used as a main component in mosquito repellents 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prophylactic Role of Piperine and Curcumin in Allethrin Altered Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Swiss Albino Mice

Kumar¹,

Divakar²,

Sasmal³

et al. 2015

Pharmacologia

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Background: Over the years, pyrethroids, including allethrin, are widely used for domestic and agricultural purposes and are found to be neurotoxic. However, effects on hematological and biochemical parametersare not elucidated. Thus, the first objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of allethrin on the hematological and biochemical parameters of Swiss albino mice. Further, for the amelioration of its effect, two different bioactive herbal extracts piperine (alkaloid) and curcumin (polyphenols) were evaluated. Methods: Animals were divided into six groups; the first group was used as a control. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were orally treated with allethrin (15 mg kgG .wt.), respectively for 28 days. Results: Administration of allethrin brought about a significant decrease in leukocytes, polymorphs, serum albumin, HDL, glucose and CPK and whereas, lymphocytes, haemoglobin, ALT, AST, serum creatinine, blood urea, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides was found to be significantly increased following allethrin treatment. Gravimetric indices (body weight and organ weight) slightly declined following allethrin treatment. Further, the histopathological observations in allethrin treated mice showed the damage in all vital organs (kidney, liver, lungs, brain and heart) of Swiss albino mice. Administration of piperine and curcumin exhibited signi cant reversal of allethrin altered hematological and biochemical parameters. ALT, AST, serum creatinine, blood urea, serum albumin, HDL, glucose found to be comparable to that of the control group after piperine and curcumin administration. The presence of piperine and curcumin with allethrin preserved the normal histological architecture of the liver, kidney, lungs, brain and heart. Conclusion: These results indicate that piperine and curcumin can be a potent protective agent against allethrinalteredbiochemical and hematological alterations in mice.

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“…(1) These effects can be accompanied by the development of other undesirable effects that involve the reproductive, (2,3) immune, (4,5) cardiovascular, (6,7) respiratory (8,9) and other systems, and also contribute to a high risk of cancer development. (10) People contact pyrethroids when they are used in industrial activities and households, as well as from consumption of vegetables, fruits and water contaminated with their residues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Acute Deltamethrin Poisoning on Rat Adrenal Glands: Biochemical and Pathomorphological Study

Chigrinski¹,

Gerunov²,

Gerunova³

et al. 2017

IJBM

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Background: Deltamethrin is known all over the world as an effective preparation for the control of insects. In connection with this, its role as a chemical stressor increases. The aim of the study was to determine the features of the functioning and structure of adrenal glands (AG) after a single administration of synthetic pyrethroid deltamethrin in experimental animals at a dose of 17.4 mg/kg (1/5 LD50).Material and Methods: For the experiment, 88 male Wistar rats with a body weight of 240±10 g were divided into 8 groups of 10-12 animals each. Groups 1, 3, 5, and 7 were control groups, which were administered physiological solution intragastrically. The animals in Groups 2, 4, 6, and 8 received a single dose (17.4 mg/kg) of deltamethrin, which corresponds to 1/5 LD50. In the serum of rats, the content of ACTH, progesterone, DHEAS, corticosterone and aldosterone was determined by EIA. Histological preparations of adrenal glands were stained with H&E, picrofuxin according to Van Gieson, and with Bismarck brown according to Shubich. On frozen sections, lipids were detected by Sudan Black B.Results: One day after intoxication, we identified an increase in adrenal mass, edema of the parenchyma and blood capillary overflow, and a large number of lipids in corticocytes. In the blood serum, the concentration of ACTH and corticosteroids increased, but their level decreased in the adrenal cortex. After 3 days, the concentration of corticosterone in the blood serum of the experimental animals remained above the control value, but the content of other hormones decreased. At the border of the cortex and the medulla of the adrenal glands, there were mast cells in a state of degranulation; the amount of lipids decreased with time. In the subsequent terms of the study, a decrease in the weight of AG with a decrease in the concentration of hormones in the blood serum and adrenal tissue was detected.Conclusion: The intoxication of rats with deltamethrin causes morphofunctional changes in AG that characterize the development of the stress response. The hormonal background is not restored within a month, which indicates the possibility of developing post-toxic complications. (International Journal of Biomedicine. 2017;7(3):221-225.)

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Mechanism of Deltamethrin induced Immunotoxicity: Current and Future Perspectives

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Subchronic toxicity of oral deltamethrin in laying chickens

Subchronic toxicity of oral deltamethrin in laying chickens

Prophylactic Role of Piperine and Curcumin in Allethrin Altered Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Swiss Albino Mice

Impact of Acute Deltamethrin Poisoning on Rat Adrenal Glands: Biochemical and Pathomorphological Study

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