Mechanism of Hepatoprotective Effect ofBoesenbergia rotundain Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Damage in Rats

Abstract

Background. Researchers focused on developing traditional therapies as pharmacological medicines to treat liver cirrhosis. Objectives. Evaluating the hepatoprotective activity of Boesenbergia rotunda (BR) rhizome ethanolic extract on thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with 200 mg/kg TAA 3 times/week and daily oral administration of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg of BR extract, and 50 mg/kg of the reference drug Silymarin for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, Masson's trichrome staining was used to measure the degree of liver fibrosis. Hepatic antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GPx), nitrotyrosine, cytochrome (P450 2E1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), and urinary 8-hydroxyguanosine were measured. Serum levels of transforming growth factor TGF-β1, nuclear transcription factor NF-κB, proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, and caspase-3 were evaluated. Serum protein expression and immunohistochemistry of proapoptotic Bax and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins were measured and confirmed by immunohistochemistry of Bax, Bcl-2, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results. BR treatment improved liver histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry, triggered apoptosis, and inhibited cytokines, extracellular matrix proteins, and hepatocytes proliferation. Conclusion. Liver cirrhosis progression can be inhibited by the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BR ethanolic extract while preserving the normal liver status.

Hepatoprotectivity of Panduratin A against liver damage: In vivo demonstration with a rat model of cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide

“…After its administration, TAA is gradually metabolized by liver microsomal enzymes to thioacetamide S‐dioxide (TASO2) . This end product compound degrades biomolecules of the liver cells resulting in fibrosis . In the present study, TAA (Sigma‐Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) was dissolved in distilled water (200 mg/mL) prior to administration to the animals.…”

“…Nitrotyrosine is a product of protein oxidation and considered as another marker for oxidative damage . Its presence in the liver was evaluated by ELISA following the guidelines of the manufacturer (MyBiosource, San Diego, CA, USA).…”

“…Thus, alternative options are currently considered. Oxidative stress plays a large part in liver cirrhosis and thus use of natural antioxidants has been suggested as potential treatment strategy .…”

Protective activity of Panduratin A against Thioacetamide-induced oxidative damage: demonstration with in vitro experiments using WRL-68 liver cell line

“…We also compared the effects achieved with PA on the TAA-cytotoxicity against the benchmark protection provided by SI [14,19]. The concentrations of SI were kept the same as those of PA.…”

Boesenbergia rotunda

“…Oral administration (8 weeks) of Boesenbergia rotunda (BR) rhizome ethanolic extract exhibited hepatoprotective activity against thioacetamideinduced liver cirrhosis in rats (Salama et al 2012(Salama et al , 2013a. BR treatment improved liver histopathology, immunohistochemistry and biochemistry, triggered apoptosis and inhibited cytokines, extracellular matrix proteins and hepatocytes proliferation.…”