Mechanisms and Clinical Application of Tetramethylpyrazine (an Interesting Natural Compound Isolated from Ligusticum Wallichii): Current Status and Perspective

Zhao, Yingke; Liu, Yue; Chen, Ke-ji

doi:10.1155/2016/2124638

Cited by 96 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…In past, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Ligusticum wallichii (family Umbelliferae), is commonly used with other herbs to provide therapeutic intervention in cardiovascular and neurovascular disorders as this herb has an intense ability to repress the muscle contractions and low systemic blood pressure [12]. The new function of L. wallichii is capable of protecting host cells against hypoxia-induced injury likely through improving the antioxidant status and immunity profile [13][14][15]. Since the high inter-relationship between inflammation and hypoxia, we presume that L. wallichii may also be benefit for the cells upon OA inflammatory condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metabolic exploration of the protective effect of Ligusticum wallichii on IL-1β-injured mouse chondrocytes

Wei¹,

Dong²,

Guan³

et al. 2020

Chin Med

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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a metabolic disorder and able to be relieved by traditional Chinese medicines. However, the effect of Ligusticum wallichii on OA is unknown. Methods: Cytokine IL-1β and L. wallichii extracts were used to stimulate the primary mouse chondrocytes. MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability. The mRNA and protein level of each gene were test by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The rate of apoptotic cell was measured by flow cytometry. GC/MS-based metabolomics was utilized to characterize the variation of metabolome. Results: Here, we found that L. wallichii attenuated the IL-1β-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in mouse chondrocytes. Then we used GC/MS-based metabolomics to characterize the variation of metabolomes. The established metabolic profile of mouse chondrocytes showed that the abundance of most metabolites (n = 40) altered by IL-1β stimulation could be repressed by L. wallichii treatment. Multivariate data analysis identified that cholesterol, linoleic acid, hexadecandioic acid, proline, l-valine, l-leucine, pyruvate, palmitic acid, and proline are the most key biomarkers for understanding the metabolic role of L. wallichii in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Further pathway analysis using these metabolites enriched fourteen metabolic pathways, which were dramatically changed in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes and capable of being reprogrammed by L. wallichii incubation. These enriched pathways were involved in carbon metabolisms, fatty acid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolisms. Conclusions: These findings provide potential clues that metabolic strategies are linked to protective mechanisms of L. wallichii treatment in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes and emphasize the importance of metabolic strategies against inflammatory responses in OA development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metabolic exploration of the protective effect of Ligusticum wallichii on IL-1β-injured mouse chondrocytes

Wei¹,

Dong²,

Guan³

et al. 2020

Chin Med

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“…The MH_Daqu of GujingTribute does contain Bacillus licheniformis, but this strain only occupies 0.68% in all MH_Daqu bacteria, while in Maotai Daqu Bacillus licheniformis is the most dominant species. This may explains why Maotai has a higher concentration of TTMP than other types of liquor [22][23].…”

Section: Relationship Between Daqu and Liquor Aroma Molecules'originmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For example, Bacillus licheniformis is one of the tetramethylpyrazine (TTMP) -producing microorganisms [20], and TTMP is a both aroma and health-benefiting chemical [21][22], so it is expected that GujingTribute liquor has a higher concentration of it by increasing the amount of TTMP-producing strains. The MH_Daqu of GujingTribute does contain Bacillus licheniformis, but this strain only occupies 0.68% in all MH_Daqu bacteria, while in Maotai Daqu Bacillus licheniformis is the most dominant species.…”

Section: Relationship Between Daqu and Liquor Aroma Molecules'originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Microbial Community Composition in the Fermentation Starter (Daqu) Reveals a Distinct Dominant Species Combination Potentially Contributing to the Flavor of Chinese Gujingtribute Liquor

Zhang¹,

He²,

Cao³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Biomedical and Biological Engineering 2017 (BBE 2017)

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Abstract. In this study the microbial composition in the starter (Daqu) of Chinese Gujing Tribute liquor was determined by employing near full length ribosome gene library sequencing approach. Gujing Tribute Daqu has a distinct microbial community structure by comparison with several other important types of Chinese liquor; especially The rmomyces only occurred in Gujing Tribute Daqu, not in any other types of Daqu as most dominant species. Besides, there are five distinct species as most dominant ones in Gujing Tribute Daqu: Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea vagans, Talaromyces thermophiles, Thermomyces lanuginosus, and Thermoascus aurantiacus, the latter two species both capable of producing a series of useful enzymes for fermentation purposes and some flavor precursor synthesis. Though the distinct dominating species are mainly the ones degrading the feedstock, their potential roles in the flavor determination of Gujing Tribute liquor are very valuable for further study.

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“…Chuanxiong Rhizoma is one of these TCM which was usually used in the treatment of brain and heart diseases [5] in the past. Isolated from the alkaloid extracted from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, tetramethylpyrazine has multiple pharmacological effects including anti-oxidation, improving microcirculation, and inhibition the production of glycation [6]. Current studies have also revealed that Chuanxiong Rhizoma could inhibit endothelial cell damage [7], as well as vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Potential Mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma on Treating Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Network Pharmacology

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Chuanxiong Rhizoma is one of the traditional Chinese medicines which have been used for years in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma in DN has not yet been fully understood. Methods: We performed network pharmacology to construct targeted proteins interaction network of Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Active ingredients were acquired from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. DRUGBANK database was used to predict targeted proteins of Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Gene ontology (GO) biological process analyses and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were also performed for functional prediction of the targeted proteins. Molecular docking was applied for evaluating the drug interactions between hub targets and active ingredients. Results: Twenty-eight targets fished by 6 active ingredients of Chuanxiong Rhizoma were obtained in the study. The top 10 significant GO analyses, as well as 6 KEGG pathways, were enriched for genomic analysis. We also acquired 1366 differentially expressed genes associated with DN from GSE30528 dataset, including five targeted genes: KCNH2, NCOA1, KDR, NR3C2 and ADRB2. Molecular docking analysis successfully combined KCNH2, NCOA1, KDR and ADRB2 to Myricanone with docking scores from 4.61 to 6.28. NR3C2 also displayed good binding forces (8.13 and 8.34) with Wallichilide and Sitosterol, revealing good binding forces to active compounds of Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Conclusions: Chuanxiong Rhizoma might take part in the treatment of DN through pathways associated with steroid hormone, estrogen, thyroid hormone and IL-17. KCNH2, NCOA1, KDR, ADRB2 and NR3C2 were proved to be the hub targets closely related to corresponding active ingredients of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.

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Mechanisms and Clinical Application of Tetramethylpyrazine (an Interesting Natural Compound Isolated from Ligusticum Wallichii): Current Status and Perspective

Cited by 96 publications

References 80 publications

A metabolic exploration of the protective effect of Ligusticum wallichii on IL-1β-injured mouse chondrocytes

A metabolic exploration of the protective effect of Ligusticum wallichii on IL-1β-injured mouse chondrocytes

Characterization of Microbial Community Composition in the Fermentation Starter (Daqu) Reveals a Distinct Dominant Species Combination Potentially Contributing to the Flavor of Chinese Gujingtribute Liquor

Research on the Potential Mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma on Treating Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Network Pharmacology

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