Mechanisms and Control of Reabsorption in Insect Hindgut

Phillips, J. E.; Hanrahan, John W.; Chamberlin, M. E.; Thomson, BM

doi:10.1016/s0065-2806(08)60103-4

Cited by 125 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Normally, however, the composition of the final excreta is determined by the hindgut, but, with the notable exception of work on locusts, little is known of the control of transport processes in the ileum and rectum. Studies of the hormonal control of the locust hindgut involved the use of flat-sheet and everted sac preparations (Phillips et al, 1986), techniques that can be used only with relatively large insects. Self-referencing ion-selective microelectrodes can, however, measure ion gradients in unstirred layers close to the surface of semi-intact and isolated tissues, allowing net transepithelial ion fluxes to be calculated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine control of ionic homeostasis in blood-sucking insects

Coast

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryThe pioneering work of Simon Maddrell established that the rapid postprandial diuresis of the haematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus is controlled by a diuretic hormone and demonstrated the role of the Malpighian tubules in meeting the volumic, osmotic and ionic challenges posed by an enormous blood meal. A number of diuretic and antidiuretic hormones that control secretion of primary urine by Malpighian tubules have now been identified, but little is known of the interplay between these hormones and those that regulate transport processes in the hindgut. This review therefore focuses on the control of ionic homeostasis in Rhodnius and mosquitoes, because primary urine is voided virtually unchanged during the rapid diuresis that follows a blood meal. At such times, the hindgut has a negligible impact on the volume and composition of the final urine, and neurohormones acting on the Malpighian tubules have a dominant role in the control of ionic homeostasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine control of ionic homeostasis in blood-sucking insects

Coast

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The chill tolerance of insects (including species of the genus Drosophila) can vary as a 110 result of evolutionary adaptation, thermal acclimation, or even acute exposure to low 111 temperatures (rapid cold-hardening) (Andersen et al, 2017b;Chown and Terblanche, 2006; 112 passing posteriorly to the hindgut where the reabsorption of water, ions, and metabolites takes 136 place prior to the excretion of wastes (Phillips et al, 1987;Wigglesworth, 1932)…”

Section: Chill Susceptibility In Insects 45mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Plasticity of the gut and the Malpighian tubules underlies cold acclimation and mitigates cold-induced hyperkalemia inDrosophila melanogaster

Yerushalmi

Misyura

MacMillan

et al. 2017

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(which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/224832 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online 2 Abstract 22At low temperatures, Drosophila, like most insects, lose the ability to regulate ion and water 23 balance across the gut epithelia, which can lead to a lethal increase of [K + ] in the hemolymph 24 (hyperkalemia). Cold-acclimation, the physiological response to low temperature exposure, can 25 mitigate or entirely prevent these ion imbalances, but the physiological mechanisms that 26 facilitate this process are not well understood. Here, we test whether plasticity in the 27 ionoregulatory physiology of the gut and Malpighian tubules of Drosophila may aid in 28 preserving ion homeostasis in the cold. Upon adult emergence, D. melanogaster females were 29 subjected to seven days at warm (25°C) or cold (10°C) acclimation conditions. The cold 30 acclimated flies had a lower critical thermal minimum (CTmin), recovered from chill coma more 31 quickly, and better maintained hemolymph K + balance in the cold. The improvements in chill 32 tolerance coincided with increased Malpighian tubule fluid secretion and better maintenance of 33 K + secretion rates in the cold, as well as reduced rectal K + reabsorption in cold-acclimated flies. 34To test whether modulation of ion-motive ATPases, the main drivers of epithelial transport in the 35 alimentary canal, mediate these changes, we measured the activities of Na + -K + -ATPase and V-36 type H + -ATPase at the Malpighian tubules, midgut, and hindgut. Na + /K + -ATPase and V-type H + -37ATPase activities were lower in the midgut and the Malpighian tubules of cold-acclimated flies, 38 but unchanged in the hindgut of cold acclimated flies, and were not predictive of the observed 39 alterations in K + transport. Our results suggest that modification of Malpighian tubule and gut 40 ion and water transport likely prevents cold-induced hyperkalemia in cold-acclimated flies and 41 that this process is not directly related to the activities of the main drivers of ion transport in 42 these organs, Na + /K + -and V-type H + -ATPases. 43All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.(which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.

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“…Sodium may play an important role in water conservation during desiccation. Antidiurectic hormone (ADH) stimulates the uptake of water from the rectal lumen in some insect species, including the cockroach (Wall, 1967;Phillips et al, 1986). The rectal epithelia in the cockroach are rich in Na + -K + ATPase and Na + is required during ADH-stimulated water uptake across the rectum, suggesting that the process requires energy (Tolman and Steele, 1976;Steele and Tolman, 1980).…”

Section: Desiccation Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of recovery from desiccation stress in laboratory-selected populations ofDrosophila melanogaster

Folk

Bradley

2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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We examined the capacity for physiological recovery from the effects of desiccation in five replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster that have been selected for enhanced desiccation resistance (D populations) and in five replicate control populations (C populations). The capacity to recover was signified by the ability to restore three somatic components, namely whole-body water, dry mass and sodium content, all of which are reduced during desiccation. Throughout a period of recovery following a bout of desiccation, the flies were offered one of three fluids: distilled water, saline solution, or saline+sucrose solution. Our findings indicate that, when allowed to recover on saline+sucrose solution, D populations have the capacity to restore water at a greater rate than C populations and are able to fully restore dry mass and sodium content to the levels observed in non-desiccated, hydrated D flies. When provided with this same solution during recovery, C flies are unable to restore dry mass and are faced with an elevated sodium load. Desiccation resistance of the flies subsequent to recovery was also examined. We provide evidence that the greatest desiccation resistance in the D populations is associated with the restoration of all three somatic components, suggesting that not only water content, but also dry mass and sodium, may contribute to the enhanced desiccation resistance that has evolved in these populations.

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Mechanisms and Control of Reabsorption in Insect Hindgut

Cited by 125 publications

References 136 publications

Neuroendocrine control of ionic homeostasis in blood-sucking insects

Neuroendocrine control of ionic homeostasis in blood-sucking insects

Functional Plasticity of the gut and the Malpighian tubules underlies cold acclimation and mitigates cold-induced hyperkalemia inDrosophila melanogaster

The evolution of recovery from desiccation stress in laboratory-selected populations ofDrosophila melanogaster

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