Mechanisms and reutilization of modified biochar used for removal of heavy metals from wastewater: A review

Wang, Li; Wang, Yujiao; Ma, Fang; Tankpa, Vitus; Bai, Shanshan; Guo, Xiaomeng; Wang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.011

Cited by 376 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Biochar destiny after adsorption represents another strong point for its use for water purification. As reported by several authors [124,125], contaminated biochar could be a source of fertilizers, catalysis, metal nanoparticle synthesis through pyrolytic conversions, feed additives, and biologically active compounds.…”

Section: Environmental Remediation Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

et al. 2020

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Biochar is the solid residue that is recovered after the thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Biochar has been used for many years as a soil amendment and in general soil applications. Nonetheless, biochar is far more than a mere soil amendment. In this review, we report all the non-soil applications of biochar including environmental remediation, energy storage, composites, and catalyst production. We provide a general overview of the recent uses of biochar in material science, thus presenting this cheap and waste-derived material as a high value-added and carbonaceous source.

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Section: Environmental Remediation Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 87%

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

et al. 2020

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“…where k 0 is Arrhenius factor (min −1 ), E a is activation energy (J mol −1 ), R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J mol −1 K −1 ) and T is the temperature of reaction (K). The temperature range around 160-250 °C for hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge is recommended to produce bioenergy [161][162][163]165].…”

Section: Temmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addition of various salts also influences the hydrochar energy yield. Calcium lactate, calcium chloride, and lithium chloride pre-treatment have been reported to enhance the HHV of hydrochar prepared from loblolly pine compared to untreated hydrochar [96,[161][162][163]165].…”

Section: Effect Of Salt Additionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass and its Applications

et al. 2019

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has gained a lot of interest in the last few years for the process production of hydrochar from the different kinds of biological materials such as agricultural waste. Therefore, a thorough review of the literature on HTC has been conducted, which is more energy-efficient and involves hydrochar preparation at a lower temperature without any specific requirements for pressure. This review article primarily differentiates between the hydrochar and biochar developed from various sources. Also, a comparative analysis has been done to evaluate the maximum efficiency of hydrochar production. The various parameters, which influence the hydrochar yield to include pH, temperature, the concentration of the modifying agent, duration of exposure, salt, and phenolic compounds, have also been highlighted in this review. The scale-up processes for industrial level hydrochar production, along with bioreactor designs, have also been discussed. We have also focused on various applications of hydrochar, such as adsorbent in wastewater treatment, carbon sequestration, gas adsorption and in the field of agriculture for soil amendment. The adsorption effects of hydrochar towards the partial and proportionate adsorption of heavy metals and hazardous chemicals have been depicted. This review of the literature clearly illustrates the role of HTC in environmental remediation of soil, air and water and its usage in various industries.

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“…Although it is well known that heavy metals are natural components of the ecosystem [22], they are also the most dangerous species among environmental pollutants [23]. Copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg), among other heavy metals ions, would accumulate in the body through the food chain rather than degrade into the harmless products [24] and may induce many adverse effects on living organisms due to their high toxicity and carcinogenicity even at trace levels [25,26]. Currently the large amount of heavy metals in water and soil are released from In MFCs, microorganisms oxidize organic substrates in the anode chamber under anaerobic condition, resulting in the production of protons and release of electrons, and electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Microbial Fuel Cells for Remediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Water—Review of Application

Fang

Achal

2019

Microorganisms

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The global energy crisis and heavy metal pollution are the common problems of the world. It is noted that the microbial fuel cell (MFC) has been developed as a promising technique for sustainable energy production and simultaneously coupled with the remediation of heavy metals from water and soil. This paper reviewed the performances of MFCs for heavy metal removal from soil and water. Electrochemical and microbial biocatalytic reactions synergistically resulted in power generation and the high removal efficiencies of several heavy metals in wastewater, such as copper, hexavalent chromium, mercury, silver, thallium. The coupling system of MFCs and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) successfully reduced cadmium and lead without external energy input. Moreover, the effects of pH and electrode materials on the MFCs in water were discussed. In addition, the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil by MFCs were summarized, noting that plant-MFC performed very well in the heavy metal removal. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 697 2 of 13 electrode reaction using acetate as a substrate [6] and a two-chamber MFC setup (Figure 1) are shown below: Anodic reaction : CH 3 COO − +2H 2 O microbes → 2CO 2 +7H + +8e − (1) Cathodic reaction : O 2 +4e − +4H + → 2H 2 O. (2)

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Mechanisms and reutilization of modified biochar used for removal of heavy metals from wastewater: A review

Cited by 376 publications

References 134 publications

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

A Comprehensive Review on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass and its Applications

The Potential of Microbial Fuel Cells for Remediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Water—Review of Application

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