Mechanisms controlling the air–sea flux in the North Sea

Prowe, A. E. Friederike; Thomas, Helmuth; Pätsch, Johannes; Kühn, Wilfried; Bozec, Yann; Schiettecatte, Laure-Sophie; Borges, Alberto; Baar, H. J. W. de

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2009.06.003

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Thus understanding the interactions between our actions (and their subsequent effects) and the efficiency of the BP and MCP are of particular importance, both for understanding the likely response to future global change and in informing whether or how marine management options might be employed to enhance (or reduce degradation of) pump efficiency. Many of the interactions over which we may be able to exercise management options take place in shelf seas, which are active areas for DOM cycling (Prowe et al, 2009;Johnson et al, 2013) and carbon export (Tsunogai and Noriki, 1991;Thomas et al, 2004). Although covering only 8 % of the ocean's surface area, they account for 20 % of the ocean's capacity to absorb CO 2 (Thomas et al, 2004).…”

Section: Relevance To Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean – future research directions

Jiao

Robinson²,

Azam³

et al. 2014

Biogeosciences

198

101

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Abstract. This paper reviews progress on understanding biological carbon sequestration in the ocean with special reference to the microbial formation and transformation of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC), the microbial carbon pump (MCP). We propose that RDOC is a concept with a wide continuum of recalcitrance. Most RDOC compounds maintain their levels of recalcitrance only in a specific environmental context (RDOC t ). The ocean RDOC pool also contains compounds that may be inaccessible to microbes due to their extremely low concentration (RDOC c ). This differentiation allows us to appreciate the linkage between microbial source and RDOC composition on a range of temporal and spatial scales.Analyses of biomarkers and isotopic records show intensive MCP processes in the Proterozoic oceans when the MCP could have played a significant role in regulating climate. Understanding the dynamics of the MCP in conjunction with the better constrained biological pump (BP) over geological timescales could help to predict future climate trends. Integration of the MCP and the BP will require new research approaches and opportunities. Major goals include understanding the interactions between particulate organic carbon (POC) and RDOC that contribute to sequestration efficiency, and the concurrent determination of the chemical composition of organic carbon, microbial community composition and enzymatic activity. Molecular biomarkers and isotopic tracers should be employed to link water column processes Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. N. Jiao et al.: Mechanisms of microbial carbon sequestration in the oceanto sediment records, as well as to link present-day observations to paleo-evolution. Ecosystem models need to be developed based on empirical relationships derived from bioassay experiments and field investigations in order to predict the dynamics of carbon cycling along the stability continuum of POC and RDOC under potential global change scenarios. We propose that inorganic nutrient input to coastal waters may reduce the capacity for carbon sequestration as RDOC. The nutrient regime enabling maximum carbon storage from combined POC flux and RDOC formation should therefore be sought.

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Section: Relevance To Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean – future research directions

Jiao

Robinson²,

Azam³

et al. 2014

Biogeosciences

198

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 and 2). Using the results of experimental work performed at the Institute of Oceanology PAS and literature data (Thomas and Schneider, 1999;Omstedt et al, 2004;Lass and Matthäus, 2008;Prowe et al, 2009), it was found that temporal resolutions of the variables should be finer than one week for concentrations of carbon species, and one day for water volumes and directions. Hence, three latitudinal transects in the Danish Straits were selected, for which hydrological data were supplied from the DMI-BSHcmod three-dimensional (3-D) ocean circulation model, which is the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) operational model.…”

Section: Carbon Exchange Between the Baltic Sea And The North Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon budget of the Baltic Sea

Kuliński

Pempkowiak

2011

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the Baltic Sea carbon budget. The Baltic Sea is very much influenced by terrestrial carbon input. Rivers are the largest carbon source, and their input amounts to 10.90 Tg C yr −1 (Tg = 10 12 g) with a 37.5 % contribution of organic carbon. On the other hand, carbon is effectively exported from the Baltic to the North Sea (7.67 Tg C yr −1 ) and is also buried in bottom sediments (2.73 Tg C yr −1 ). The other sources and sinks of carbon are of minor importance. The net CO 2 emission (1.05 Tg C yr −1 ) from the Baltic to the atmosphere was calculated as the closing term of the carbon budget presented here. There is a net loss of organic carbon, which indicates that the Baltic Sea is heterotrophic.

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“…In process-based numerical models, alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) are considered explicit state variables (master variables used to solve the carbonate system) that are transported by physical processes and modified by chemical and biological processes Prowe et al, 2009;Artioli et al, 2012;Turi et al, 2014;Fiechter et al, 2014). Also, this approach is not free from deficiencies, as it implies the need to explicitly parameterize the major known relationships among DIC, alkalinity and the biogeochemical processes, and to define exactly which chemical compounds are considered in the definition of the alkalinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal variability of alkalinity in the Mediterranean Sea

2015

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Abstract. The paper provides a basin-scale assessment of the spatiotemporal distribution of alkalinity in the Mediterranean Sea. The assessment is made by integrating the available observations into a 3-D transport-biogeochemical model.The results indicate the presence of complex spatial patterns: a marked west-to-east surface gradient of alkalinity is coupled to secondary negative gradients: (1) from marginal seas (Adriatic and Aegean Sea) to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and (2) from north to south in the western region. The west-east gradient is related to the mixing of Atlantic water entering from the Strait of Gibraltar with the high-alkaline water of the eastern sub-basins, which is correlated to the positive surface flux of evaporation minus precipitation. The north-to-south gradients are related to the terrestrial input and to the input of the Black Sea water through the Dardanelles. In the surface layers, alkalinity has a relevant seasonal cycle (up to 40 µmol kg −1 ) that is driven by physical processes (seasonal cycle of evaporation and vertical mixing) and, to a minor extent, by biological processes. A comparison of alkalinity vs. salinity indicates that different regions present different relationships: in regions of freshwater influence, the two quantities are negatively correlated due to riverine alkalinity input, whereas they are positively correlated in open sea areas of the Mediterranean Sea.

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Mechanisms controlling the air–sea flux in the North Sea

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Cited by 48 publications

References 38 publications

Mechanisms of microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean – future research directions

Mechanisms of microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean – future research directions

The carbon budget of the Baltic Sea

Spatiotemporal variability of alkalinity in the Mediterranean Sea

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