MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Epigenetic modifications and gestational diabetes: a systematic review of published literature

Abstract

Objective: To summarize the current knowledge on epigenetic alterations in mother and offspring subjected to gestational diabetes (GDM) and indicate future topics for research. Design: Systematic review. Methods: We performed extensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE and Google scholar, using a combination of the search terms: GDM, gestational diabetes, epigenetic(s), methylation, histone modification, histone methylation, histone acetylation, microRNA and miRNA. Studies that compared women diagnosed with GDM and healthy controls were included. Two authors independently scanned the abstracts, and all included papers were read by at least two authors. The searches were completed on October 31st, 2016. Results: We identified 236 articles, of which 43 were considered relevant for this systematic review. Studies published showed that epigenetic alterations could be found in both mothers with GDM and their offspring. However, differences in methodology, diagnostic criteria for GDM and populations studied, together with a limited number of published studies and small sample sizes, preclude clear conclusions about the role of epigenetic modifications in transmitting risk from GDM mothers to their offspring. Conclusion: The current research literature suggests that GDM may have impact on epigenetic modifications in the mother and offspring. However, larger studies that include multiple cohorts of GDM patients and their offspring are needed.

Molecular Biomarkers for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

“…Advances in molecular biology resulted in the identification of several molecular biomarkers for disease. Of these genetic variants, DNA methylation and miRNAs are widely studied during GDM [ 148 , 149 , 150 ]. These molecular markers are stably expressed in biological fluids and hold potential as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of GDM.…”

Diabetes in Pregnancy and MicroRNAs: Promises and Limitations in Their Clinical Application

“…Both the physiology [3] and the epigenetics of gestational diabetes have recently been reviewed [57,58,59]. More than twenty human studies have been published describing the association of gestational diabetes with certain miRNAs, most of them in the last couple of years.…”

Physical development of newborns born to mothers with different carbohydrate metabolism disorders

“…В большинстве научных работ находит отражение подход к ведению беременных с тем или иным видом СД [2,[31][32][33]35]. В нашем исследовании, в отличие от перечисленных, не только проведена оценка физического развития детей в зависимости от вида СД у матери, но и выполнен сравнительный анализ изучаемых параметров в различных группах новорожденных.…”

“…В литературе уделяется большое внимание течению беременности на фоне различных нарушений углеводного обмена. Одни авторы [2,16,28] изучали влияние на исходы беременности непосредственно ГСД, другие -СД1 или СД 2 типов [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Однако в современных научных исследованиях не представлен сравнительный анализ состояния новорожденных у матерей, страдающих различными типами СД, а также исходов беременности этих пациенток.…”