Mechanisms of Biotin Transport

Polyak, Steven W.

doi:10.4172/2161-1009.1000210

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Import of biotin at low concentrations (less than 5 μM) into cells is mediated primarily by the Na + -dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT1), which is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues including intestine, liver, brain, heart, lung and kidney. Passive diffusion across membranes occurs when biotin concentration exceeds 25 μM [34]. Taking advantage of these entry routes, biotin for BioID can be supplied through animal food in principle.…”

Section: In Vivo Application Of Pl Requires Probe Delivery To Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Proximity labeling: spatially resolved proteomic mapping for neurobiology

Han

Ting

2018

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

107

106

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Understanding signaling pathways in neuroscience requires high-resolution maps of the underlying protein networks. Proximity-dependent biotinylation with engineered enzymes, in combination with mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics, has emerged as a powerful method to dissect molecular interactions and the localizations of endogenous proteins. Recent applications to neuroscience have provided insights into the composition of sub-synaptic structures, including the synaptic cleft and inhibitory post-synaptic density. Here we compare the different enzymes and small-molecule probes for proximity labeling in the context of cultured neurons and tissue, review existing studies, and provide technical suggestions for the in vivo application of proximity labeling.

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Section: In Vivo Application Of Pl Requires Probe Delivery To Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Proximity labeling: spatially resolved proteomic mapping for neurobiology

Han

Ting

2018

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

107

106

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“…The XTT dye reduction takes place on the cell surface due to the transmembrane electron transport in which mitochondrial oxidoreductases play a crucial role. It has been suggested that the XTT assay estimates the pyridine nucleotide redox state in the cells and corresponds to metabolic changes (Abhishek et al, 2018;Berridge et al, 2005). BC-PAMAM was not toxic to mitochondria up to 50 μM concentration.…”

Section: Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the localization and biological effects of PAMAM G3 dendrimer-biotin/pyridoxal conjugate as HaCaT keratinocyte targeted nanocarrier

Szuster¹,

Uram²,

Filipowicz-Rachwał³

et al. 2019

Acta Biochim Pol

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Recognition of the molecular mechanisms of keratinocyte participation in normal skin homeostasis and in pathogenesis may lead to creation of more effective tools for topical application of cosmetics, cosmeceutics and drugs to a particular location within the skin for prevention and therapy of many skin disorders and diseases. For this purpose, the PAMAM G3 dendrimer with amide linkages of 9 biotin molecules and 10 molecules of pyridoxal phosphate (BC-PAMAM) was constructed, and its biological properties and cellular uptake and localization were investigated in the HaCaT keratinocytes. BC-PAMAM is nontoxic for HaCaT cells, as estimated by two assays (Neutral Red and tetrazolium salt reduction, XTT), and revealed low apoptosis induction at up to 50 µM concentration. Fluorescent labeled BC-PAMAM accumulates in HaCaT cells with high efficiency in a concentration–dependent manner. Its mitochondrial localization, estimated as Mander’s colocalization coefficient, is substantially lower than the native PAMAM, and that correlates with its cytotoxicity. The only undesirable, but significant inhibitory effect on cell mobility, evaluated by the wound healing test, was observed at 10 µM BC-PAMAM. The important anti-inflammatory action of BC-PAMAM was clearly documented by decreased production of total IL-1α, assayed with an ELISA test with unstimulated and stimulated by bacterial antigens (LPS and GroEL) HaCaT cells. Thus, it is expected that the biotin pyridoxal phosphate conjugated PAMAM may be considered as a potential carrier for safe delivery of vitamins and drugs into the epidermis.

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“…Biotin, also known as water-soluble vitamin B7, is essential for normal cellular functions, growth, and development, and serves as a coenzyme for carboxylase enzymes in glucose, fat, and amino acid metabolism [101]. As mammals are unable to biosynthesize biotin, these organisms must obtain biotin as a micronutrient from exogenous plant or bacterial sources from which it is taken up after oral administration, through the sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter (SMVT) system [102,103]. In 2004 Russell-Jones et al compared the effectiveness of folate, vitamin B12, or biotin-functionalized poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylic acid) (pHPMAA) labeled with rhodamine as dynamic drug targeting agents to the tumor cells.…”

Section: Biotinylated Polymer-based Nanoparticles As Tumor-targeted D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotinylated polymeric micelles based on amphiphilic poly(HPMA) block copolymers

Wang¹

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Polymeric micelles have attracted growing attention for drug delivery purposes during the last three decades. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been used as the gold standard for coating drug-loaded nanoparticles. Due to unwanted pharmacokinetic issues of PEG after the second dose, there is a high demand to explore other synthetic hydrophilic uncharged polymers. Poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) (pHPMA) is a promising PEG alternative as the shell-forming polymer of polymeric micelles due to its high hydrophilicity, its proven biocompatibility in many applications as a component of drug delivery systems, and possibilities for functionalization. To render these micelles with targeting potential for cancer cells, biotin was decorated on their surface. This thesis describes the development of PEG-free and fully p(HPMA)-based polymeric micelles potentially suitable for cancer treatment. This thesis sheds light on the synthesis, characterization, in vitro stability and release, and in vivo applications of biotin-decorated fully p(HPMA)-based micelles for targeted drug delivery. The biotinylated micelles can not only act as solubilizers and actively targeted drug carriers but also as a platform to quantify drug release and retention. The obtained results show that the biotinylated polymeric micelles fully based on a poly(HPMAm) backbone are promising candidates for targeted therapy and encourage further pharmaceutical development.

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Mechanisms of Biotin Transport

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Proximity labeling: spatially resolved proteomic mapping for neurobiology

Proximity labeling: spatially resolved proteomic mapping for neurobiology

Evaluation of the localization and biological effects of PAMAM G3 dendrimer-biotin/pyridoxal conjugate as HaCaT keratinocyte targeted nanocarrier

Biotinylated polymeric micelles based on amphiphilic poly(HPMA) block copolymers

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