Mechanisms of Inhibition of Quorum Sensing as an Alternative for the Control of E. coli and Salmonella

Escobar-Muciño, Esmeralda; Arenas-Hernández, Margarita M. P.; Luna-Guevara, María Lorena

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10050884

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Moreover, it has been reported that AI molecules participate in the regulation of virulence genes and the pathogenicity of gram-negative bacteria. [31] Similarly, the mutant strain presented a lower virulence than the wild-type strain in the G. mellonella infection model, which may be attributed to the high RNA editing level of badR, consistent with the virulence difference between QD110 and R16. Here, we draw a brief illustration to describe the roles of RNA editing on badR in K. pneumoniae (Figure S7, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

A‐to‐I RNA Editing in Klebsiella pneumoniae Regulates Quorum Sensing and Affects Cell Growth and Virulence

et al. 2023

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Millions of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) RNA editing events are reported and well-studied in eukaryotes; however, many features and functions remain unclear in prokaryotes. By combining PacBio Sequel, Illumina whole-genome sequencing, and RNA Sequencing data of two Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with different virulence, a total of 13 RNA editing events are identified. The RNA editing event of badR is focused, which shows a significant difference in editing levels in the two K. pneumoniae strains and is predicted to be a transcription factor. A hard-coded Cys is mutated on DNA to simulate the effect of complete editing of badR. Transcriptome analysis identifies the cellular quorum sensing (QS) pathway as the most dramatic change, demonstrating the dynamic regulation of RNA editing on badR related to coordinated collective behavior. Indeed, a significant difference in autoinducer 2 activity and cell growth is detected when the cells reach the stationary phase. Additionally, the mutant strain shows significantly lower virulence than the WT strain in the Galleria mellonella infection model. Furthermore, RNA editing regulation of badR is highly conserved across K. pneumoniae strains. Overall, this work provides new insights into posttranscriptional regulation in bacteria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

A‐to‐I RNA Editing in Klebsiella pneumoniae Regulates Quorum Sensing and Affects Cell Growth and Virulence

et al. 2023

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“…According to earlier studies, luxS stimulates the creation of the AI-2, which may help bacteria build biofilms more effectively. 58 In this work, the presence of BAI reduced AI-2 activity and luxS expression. It suggested that BAI might act as the S. aureus LuxS/AI-2 system’s QS inhibitor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Baicalein Inhibits the Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm and the LuxS/AI-2 System in vitro

Mao¹,

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Introduction Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is a common cause of mastitis in dairy cows, a condition that has a significant economic impact. S. aureus displays quorum sensing (QS) system-controlled virulence characteristics, like biofilm formation, that make therapy challenging. In order to effectively combat S. aureus , one potential technique is to interfere with quorum sensing. Methods This study evaluated the effects of different Baicalin (BAI) concentrations on the growth and the biofilm of S. aureus isolates, including the biofilm formation and mature biofilm clearance. The binding activity of BAI to LuxS was verified by molecular docking and kinetic simulations. The secondary structure of LuxS in the formulations was characterized using fluorescence quenching and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Additionally, using fluorescence quantitative PCR, the impact of BAI on the transcript levels of the luxS and biofilm-related genes was investigated. The impact of BAI on LuxS at the level of protein expression was also confirmed by a Western blotting investigation. Results According to the docking experiments, they were able to engage with the amino acid residues in LuxS and BAI through hydrogen bonding. The results of molecular dynamics simulations and the binding free energy also confirmed the stability of the complex and supported the experimental results. BAI showed weak inhibitory activity against S. aureus but significantly reduced biofilm formation and disrupted mature biofilms. BAI also downregulated luxS and biofilm-associated genes’ mRNA expression. Successful binding was confirmed using fluorescence quenching and FTIR. Discussion We thus report that BAI inhibits the S. aureus LuxS/AI-2 system for the first time, which raises the possibility that BAI could be employed as a possible antimicrobial drug to treat S. aureus strain-caused biofilms.

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“…Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication system depending on small signaling molecules which are called autoinducers (AIs) [ 45 ]. The anti-virulence strategy suggested includes the disturbance of QS through different methods, such as the intervention of AI-2 synthesis and inhibition of protein in the QS system [ 46 ]. Moreover, the recent study focus on the strategy of combining QS inhibitors with antibiotics, which is a promising strategy for inhibiting the production of AI-2 and QS activity, while antibiotics have increased the resistance of pathogens [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionate and Butyrate Inhibit Biofilm Formation of Salmonella Typhimurium Grown in Laboratory Media and Food Models

Liu

Zhu

Qin

et al. 2022

Foods

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Salmonella is among the most frequently isolated foodborne pathogens, and biofilm formed by Salmonella poses a potential threat to food safety. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially propionate and butyrate, have been demonstrated to exhibit a beneficial effect on promoting intestinal health and regulating the host immune system, but their anti-biofilm property has not been well studied. This study aims to investigate the effects of propionate or butyrate on the biofilm formation and certain virulence traits of Salmonella. We investigated the effect of propionate or butyrate on the biofilm formation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) SL1344 grown in LB broth or food models (milk or chicken juice) by crystal violet staining methods. Biofilm formation was significantly reduced in LB broth and food models and the reduction was visualized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Biofilm metabolic activity was attenuated in the presence of propionate or butyrate. Meanwhile, both SCFAs decreased AI-2 quorum sensing based on reporter strain assay. Butyrate, not propionate, could effectively reduce bacterial motility. Bacterial adhesion to and invasion of Caco-2 cells were also significantly inhibited in the presence of both SCFAs. Finally, two SCFAs downregulated virulence genes related to biofilm formation and invasion through real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These findings demonstrate the potential application of SCFAs in the mitigation of Salmonella biofilm in food systems, but future research mimicking food environments encountered during the food chain is necessitated.

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Mechanisms of Inhibition of Quorum Sensing as an Alternative for the Control of E. coli and Salmonella

Cited by 34 publications

References 97 publications

A‐to‐I RNA Editing in Klebsiella pneumoniae Regulates Quorum Sensing and Affects Cell Growth and Virulence

A‐to‐I RNA Editing in Klebsiella pneumoniae Regulates Quorum Sensing and Affects Cell Growth and Virulence

Baicalein Inhibits the Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm and the LuxS/AI-2 System in vitro

Propionate and Butyrate Inhibit Biofilm Formation of Salmonella Typhimurium Grown in Laboratory Media and Food Models

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