Mechanisms of reduced and compensatory growth

Hornick, Jean-Luc; Eenaeme, Christian Van; Gerard, Olivier; Dufrasne, Isabelle; Istasse, Louis

doi:10.1016/s0739-7240(00)00072-2

Cited by 385 publications

(385 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This increased performance was a result both of a greater energy intake and a 14% higher efficiency in this phase, which agrees with other studies comparing restricted-realimented v. continuously grown animals (Ellenberger et al, 1989;Hornick et al, 2000). The low incidence of bloat in this study is in accordance with the review of Majak et al (1995), who concluded that the risk of bloat was low when cattle grazed on lucerne continuously.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Serum IGF-I concentrations differed among treatments associated with the different energy content of the diets (Hornick et al, 2000). In period 2, the serum IGF-I concentrations of LUC 1 Feedlot animals were similar to those of the Feedlot treatment after only 20 days on concentrates, reaching a peak at this moment and showing a plateau thereafter, in a pattern similar to other studies (Ellenberger et al, 1989;Hornick et al, 2000). In this study, serum IGF-I concentration and BW were closely correlated, as reported by Hornick et al (1998) and Blanco et al (2010b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Changes in this status can alter concentrations of blood metabolites like non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), which reflect fat mobilization, and hormones such as IGF-I and leptin (Lee et al, 2006). Serum IGF-I concentration is related to nutritional status and protein deposition (Ellenberger et al, 1989;Hornick et al, 2000), while leptin concentration is related to adiposity and feed intake (Chilliard et al, 1999), and therefore they might be useful to predict performance at key moments of the production cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing lucerne as fattening management for young bulls: technical and economic performance and diet authentication

Alibés

Joy

Ripoll

et al. 2011

Animal

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Three fattening systems were evaluated from weaning to slaughter in order to find alternatives to grain feeding in young bulls, and to test the reliability of carcass subcutaneous fat colour to discriminate among them. After weaning (224 kg), one group of animals was fed concentrates and straw until they reached the target slaughter weight (450 kg; Feedlot), another group grazed rotationally on lucerne supplemented with 1.8 kg DM/day barley until slaughter (LUC), and the third group had the same management as LUC animals for 3 months (period 1) and thereafter was finished on concentrates and straw until slaughter (period 2; LUC + Feedlot). Animals were weighed weekly and sampled monthly for serum IGF-I and leptin, and plasma non-esterified fatty acids and carotenoid pigment concentration analyses. Carcass characteristics and subcutaneous fat colour were recorded after slaughter. In period 1, Feedlot animals had slightly greater weight gains than their grazing counterparts (P< 0.10), and at the end of period 1 they had 66% greater IGF-I and 35% greater leptin concentration (P< 0.01). Plasma carotenoid pigments were undetectable in Feedlot animals, but increased during grazing in LUC and LUC + Feedlot treatments. In period 2, weight gains were lowest for LUC, intermediate for Feedlot and greatest for LUC + Feedlot animals (P< 0.001), conditioning the time taken to reach slaughter weight (73, 58 and 47 days, respectively;P< 0.05). Leptin and IGF-I concentrations increased in all management systems during period 2. Plasma carotenoid pigment concentration reached its maximum at the end of period 2 in LUC animals, but it decreased sharply in LUC + Feedlot animals in this period. Management did not affect carcass traits except for subcutaneous fat colour. Yellowness, Chroma (C*) and the value of the integral of the translated reflectance spectrum (SUM), estimator of carotenoid pigment content in fat, were higher in LUC than in LUC + Feedlot and Feedlot animals (P< 0.001). Two logistic regressions were obtained to discriminate carcasses from LUC treatment: P (LUC) = (1 + e18.8–5.6 × lightness–36.9 × redness + 0.3 × SUM + 29.8 × C*)−1and LUC + Feedlot treatment: P (LUC + Feedlot)=(1 + e833.7–11.8 × lightness + 4.7 × redness + 0.2 × SUM−2.5 × C*)−1. The economic margin, calculated as income achieved minus costs, was greatest for LUC, intermediate for LUC + Feedlot and lowest for Feedlot treatment. Therefore, grazing lucerne supplemented with barley was an interesting alternative for fattening young bulls in these conditions, producing carcasses of similar quality, which could be accurately traced by measuring subcutaneous fat colour.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing lucerne as fattening management for young bulls: technical and economic performance and diet authentication

Alibés

Joy

Ripoll

et al. 2011

Animal

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“…Compensatory or catch-up growth (CG) may be defined as a physiological process whereby an animal accelerates its growth following a period of growth restriction as compared with non-restricted control animals (Hornick et al, 2000). Wyllie et al (1969) and Fabian et al (2002) have observed complete CG in growing pigs following a period of amino acid (AA) intake restriction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other mammalian species, restrictions of protein or energy intake reduced circulating plasma levels of insulin (Millward, 1990), tri-iodothyronine (T3) (Clemmons and Underwood, 1991), IGF-I (Hornick et al, 2000;Whang et al, 2000), abundance of hepatic IGF-I mRNA (Straus and Takemoto, 1990), and increased plasma IGF-I-binding protein levels (Millward, 1990;Clemmons and Underwood, 1991;Smith et al, 1995). The latter will, via negative feedback mechanisms on the hypothalamic-pituitary axes, lead to an increase in GH secretion and greater plasma GH levels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition-induced differences in body composition, compensatory growth and endocrine status in growing pigs ,

Martínez-Ramírez

Jeaurond

Lange

2009

Animal

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In this experiment, we assessed the effect of amino acid (AA) intake restriction in entire male Yorkshire pigs between 15 and 38 kg BW (restriction phase) on BW gain, body composition and plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cortisol, insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH) and leptin during the subsequent re-alimentation phase. During the restriction phase, 36 pigs were allotted to one of two dietary treatments: adequate AA intake (control) or AA-limiting diets (AA-30%). Thereafter, pigs were fed common non-limiting diets up to 110 kg BW. Throughout the experiment, pigs were scale-fed at 90% of the estimated voluntary daily digestible energy intake. At the end of the restriction phase, pigs on AA-30% had lesser BW gain (650 v. 784 g/day; P , 0.001), loin area (LA; 12.2 v. 14.2 cm 2 ; P , 0.001), BUN (4.6 v. 6.3 mg/dl; P , 0.02), lesser plasma levels of IGF-I (440 v. 640 ng/m; P , 0.001) and cortisol (8.2 v. 19.2 mg/dl; P , 0.001), greater backfat thickness (BF; 7.56 v. 6.56 mm; P , 0.02), and greater plasma levels of leptin (2.7 v. 1.8 ng/ml; P 5 0.027) and GH (3.3 v. 2.0 ng/ml; P 5 0.05) than pigs on control. During the re-alimentation phase, previously restricted pigs showed full compensatory growth (CG) in terms of BW gain (1170 v. 1077 g/day; P , 0.002), whole-body protein deposition (Pd) (179 v. 163 g/day; P , 0.001) as well as physical and chemical body composition (whole-body lipid to body protein mass ratio, LB/PB; 1.14 v. 1.15; P . 0.10). Besides GH at 45 kg BW (4.2 v. 2.4 ng/ml; P 5 0.066), there were no effects of previous AA intake restriction on leptin, IGF-I and BUN during the re-alimentation phase ( P . 0.10). Plasma cortisol and IGF-I levels may act as an indicator of AA-induced restriction in Pd in growing pigs. Plasma BUN level does not appear as a sensitive indicator for compensatory Pd. Plasma leptin and GH levels allow for the involvement of the brain in controlling chemical body composition. Full CG was observed during the energydependent phase of Pd in growing pigs and might be driven by a target LB/PB, possibly mediated via plasma leptin, IGF-I and GH levels.

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Maternal Effects and the Endocrine Regulation of Mandrill Growth

Bernstein

Setchell

Verrier

et al. 2012

American J Primatol

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Maternal effects can influence offspring growth and development, and thus fitness. However, the physiological factors mediating these effects in nonhuman primates are not well understood. We investigated the impact of maternal effects on variation in three important components of the endocrine regulation of growth in male and female mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), from birth to 9 years of age. Using a mixed longitudinal set (N = 252) of plasma samples, we measured concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), growth hormone binding protein (GHBP), and free testosterone (free T). We evaluated the relationship of ontogenetic patterns of changes in hormone concentration to patterns of growth in body mass and body length, and determined that these endocrine factors play a significant role in growth of both young (infant and juvenile) and adolescent male mandrills, but only in growth of young female mandrills. We also use mixed models analysis to determine the relative contribution of the effects of maternal rank, parity, and age on variation in hormone and binding protein concentrations. Our results suggest that all of these maternal effects account for significant variation in hormone and binding protein concentrations in all male age groups. Of the maternal effects measured, maternal rank was the most frequently identified significant maternal effect on variation in hormone and binding protein concentrations. We suggest that these endocrine factors provide mechanisms that contribute to the maternal effects on offspring growth previously noted in this population.

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Mechanisms of reduced and compensatory growth

Cited by 385 publications

References 41 publications

Grazing lucerne as fattening management for young bulls: technical and economic performance and diet authentication

Grazing lucerne as fattening management for young bulls: technical and economic performance and diet authentication

Nutrition-induced differences in body composition, compensatory growth and endocrine status in growing pigs ,

Maternal Effects and the Endocrine Regulation of Mandrill Growth

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