Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Induced Kidney Injury: A Literature Review

He, Weihang; Liu, Xiaoqiang; Hu, Bing; Li, Dong-Shui; Chen, Luyao; Liu, Yu; Tu, Yechao; Xiong, Situ; Wang, Gongxian; Deng, Jun; Fu, Bin

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.838213

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…SARS-CoV-2 infection results in several extrapulmonary manifestations, including kidney and liver injury 30 . Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is expressed in the liver and kidney 31 – 33 but viral replication in these organs remains controversial 34 , 35 . Both kidney and liver injury are likely multifactorial involving direct effects of the virus with inflammation and tissue damages, but also indirect effects resulting from systemic inflammation, dysregulated immune responses, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired organ crosstalk 32 , 35 , 36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is expressed in the liver and kidney 31 – 33 but viral replication in these organs remains controversial 34 , 35 . Both kidney and liver injury are likely multifactorial involving direct effects of the virus with inflammation and tissue damages, but also indirect effects resulting from systemic inflammation, dysregulated immune responses, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired organ crosstalk 32 , 35 , 36 . Elevation of liver enzymes have been reported during SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, liver injury may be a reflection of a severe form of the disease 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against Zika and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in non-human primates

et al. 2022

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The COVID-19 pandemic has exemplified that rigorous evaluation in large animal models is key for translation from promising in vitro results to successful clinical implementation. Among the drugs that have been largely tested in clinical trials but failed so far to bring clear evidence of clinical efficacy is favipiravir, a nucleoside analogue with large spectrum activity against several RNA viruses in vitro and in small animal models. Here, we evaluate the antiviral activity of favipiravir against Zika or SARS-CoV-2 virus in cynomolgus macaques. In both models, high doses of favipiravir are initiated before infection and viral kinetics are evaluated during 7 to 15 days after infection. Favipiravir leads to a statistically significant reduction in plasma Zika viral load compared to untreated animals. However, favipiravir has no effects on SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics, and 4 treated animals have to be euthanized due to rapid clinical deterioration, suggesting a potential role of favipiravir in disease worsening in SARS-CoV-2 infected animals. To summarize, favipiravir has an antiviral activity against Zika virus but not against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the cynomolgus macaque model. Our results support the clinical evaluation of favipiravir against Zika virus but they advocate against its use against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against Zika and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in non-human primates

et al. 2022

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“…25 A hypothesis can be made through the mechanism of direct viral effect on the kidney and the indirect viral effect through the immunologic effect of cytokine storm combined with the dysregulation of the kidney in an SLE patient triggered the new onset of lupus nephritis or worsening. 26 The complications from out review show two cases with AKI 11 in our case , acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 7,10 , bleeding symptoms et: gingival bleeding 6 , haemoptysis 9 , Intracranial Hemorrhage 8 , severe skin lesions 3, 12 , and altered mental status 3 with the outcome eight patients (80%) were survived and two patients including our case (20%) were passed away.…”

Section: Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 55%

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flare Triggered by COVID-19 Infection: A Case-Based Review

Tio¹,

Sanyoto²

2022

Bali Med J.

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Introduction: The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and autoimmune disease has been associated bidirectionally, several reports has shown COVID-19 precipitate an exacerbation of an autoimmune disease that has already stable. Recognize and treatment of flare in SLE condition with COVID-19 is challenging in this pandemic era. This review aims to report a case SLE patient who experienced severe flares after being infected with COVID-19 and review of the literature. Case report: We presented a 27-year-old female with a history of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) who experienced severe flares after being infected with COVID-19 and a review. Methods and Results: A total of 72 potentially relevant citations were identified. After removing the duplicate citations, the title, and abstracts of 61 articles were evaluated and 11 relevant articles were reviewed in detail. A total of 72 potentially relevant citations were identified. After removing the duplicate citations, the title, and abstracts of 61 articles were evaluated and 11 relevant articles were included. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is a devastating situation all over the world. SLE patient has already been in a susceptible condition as the disease progressed and continued having immunosuppressant therapy also one of the risk factors. A Flare condition can be happened during the COVID-19 Infection or after the infection is resolved. In SLE patient having COVI-19, close monitoring, high adherence to the therapy, and the health protocol are needed.

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“…Expression of ACE2 in vascular endothelial cells provides the pathophysiological basis for viral invasion. Histopathological examination of COVID-19 patients has revealed that SARS-CoV-2 directly invades endothelial cells, causing diffuse endothelial cell inflammation and microvascular damage, which most likely leads to the failure of multiple organs, including the kidneys ( 94 , 95 ). Hence, manipulation of DUSP6 holds great potential for the treatment of acute inflammatory diseases, such as AKI and COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of common molecular signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its influence on acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease

et al. 2023

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the main cause of COVID-19, causing hundreds of millions of confirmed cases and more than 18.2 million deaths worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of COVID-19 that leads to an increase in mortality, especially in intensive care unit (ICU) settings, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a high risk factor for COVID-19 and its related mortality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms among AKI, CKD, and COVID-19 are unclear. Therefore, transcriptome analysis was performed to examine common pathways and molecular biomarkers for AKI, CKD, and COVID-19 in an attempt to understand the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with AKI and CKD. Three RNA-seq datasets (GSE147507, GSE1563, and GSE66494) from the GEO database were used to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for COVID-19 with AKI and CKD to search for shared pathways and candidate targets. A total of 17 common DEGs were confirmed, and their biological functions and signaling pathways were characterized by enrichment analysis. MAPK signaling, the structural pathway of interleukin 1 (IL-1), and the Toll-like receptor pathway appear to be involved in the occurrence of these diseases. Hub genes identified from the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, including DUSP6, BHLHE40, RASGRP1, and TAB2, are potential therapeutic targets in COVID-19 with AKI and CKD. Common genes and pathways may play pathogenic roles in these three diseases mainly through the activation of immune inflammation. Networks of transcription factor (TF)–gene, miRNA–gene, and gene–disease interactions from the datasets were also constructed, and key gene regulators influencing the progression of these three diseases were further identified among the DEGs. Moreover, new drug targets were predicted based on these common DEGs, and molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed. Finally, a diagnostic model of COVID-19 was established based on these common DEGs. Taken together, the molecular and signaling pathways identified in this study may be related to the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 infection affects renal function. These findings are significant for the effective treatment of COVID-19 in patients with kidney diseases.

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Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Induced Kidney Injury: A Literature Review

Cited by 23 publications

References 111 publications

Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against Zika and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in non-human primates

Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against Zika and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in non-human primates

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Flare Triggered by COVID-19 Infection: A Case-Based Review

Identification of common molecular signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its influence on acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease

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